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## Overview

HTML `select` element with AngularJS data-binding.

The `select` directive is used together with `ngModel` to provide data-binding between the scope and the `<select>` control (including setting default values). It also handles dynamic `<option>` elements, which can be added using the `ngRepeat` or `ngOptions` directives.

When an item in the `<select>` menu is selected, the value of the selected option will be bound to the model identified by the `ngModel` directive. With static or repeated options, this is the content of the `value` attribute or the textContent of the `<option>`, if the value attribute is missing. Value and textContent can be interpolated.

The select controller exposes utility functions that can be used to manipulate the select's behavior.

## Matching model and option values

In general, the match between the model and an option is evaluated by strictly comparing the model value against the value of the available options.

If you are setting the option value with the option's `value` attribute, or textContent, the value will always be a `string` which means that the model value must also be a string. Otherwise the `select` directive cannot match them correctly.

To bind the model to a non-string value, you can use one of the following strategies:

- the `ngOptions` directive (`select`)
- the `ngValue` directive, which allows arbitrary expressions to be option values (Example)
- model $parsers / $formatters to convert the string value (Example)

If the viewValue of `ngModel` does not match any of the options, then the control will automatically add an "unknown" option, which it then removes when the mismatch is resolved.

Optionally, a single hard-coded `<option>` element, with the value set to an empty string, can be nested into the `<select>` element. This element will then represent the `null` or "not selected" option. See example below for demonstration.

## Choosing between `ngRepeat` and `ngOptions`

In many cases, `ngRepeat` can be used on `<option>` elements instead of ngOptions to achieve a similar result. However, `ngOptions` provides some benefits:

- more flexibility in how the `<select>`'s model is assigned via the `select` `as` part of the comprehension expression
- reduced memory consumption by not creating a new scope for each repeated instance
- increased render speed by creating the options in a documentFragment instead of individually

Specifically, select with repeated options slows down significantly starting at 2000 options in Chrome and Internet Explorer / Edge.

## Known Issues

In Firefox, the select model is only updated when the select element is blurred. For example, when switching between options with the keyboard, the select model is only set to the currently selected option when the select is blurred, e.g via tab key or clicking the mouse outside the select.

This is due to an ambiguity in the select element specification. See the issue on the Firefox bug tracker for more information, and this Github comment for a workaround

## Directive Info

- This directive executes at priority level 0.

## Usage

- as element:

      <select
        ng-model="string"
        [name="string"]
        [multiple="string"]
        [required="string"]
        [ng-required="string"]
        [ng-change="string"]
        [ng-options="string"]
        [ng-attr-size="string"]>
      ...
      </select>

### Arguments

Param | Type | Details
--- | --- | ---
ngModel | string | Assignable AngularJS expression to data-bind to.
name (optional) | string | Property name of the form under which the control is published.
multiple (optional) | string | Allows multiple options to be selected. The selected values will be bound to the model as an array.
required (optional) | string | Sets `required` validation error key if the value is not entered.
ngRequired (optional) | string | Adds required attribute and required validation constraint to the element when the ngRequired expression evaluates to true. Use ngRequired instead of required when you want to data-bind to the required attribute.
ngChange (optional) | string | AngularJS expression to be executed when selected option(s) changes due to user interaction with the select element.
ngOptions (optional) | string | sets the options that the select is populated with and defines what is set on the model on selection. See `ngOptions`.
ngAttrSize (optional) | string | sets the size of the select element dynamically. Uses the ngAttr directive.

## Examples

### Simple `select` elements with static options

    <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
      <form name="myForm">
        <label for="singleSelect"> Single select: </label><br>
        <select name="singleSelect" ng-model="data.singleSelect">
          <option value="option-1">Option 1</option>
          <option value="option-2">Option 2</option>
        </select><br>

        <label for="singleSelect"> Single select with "not selected" option and dynamic option values: </label><br>
        <select name="singleSelect" id="singleSelect" ng-model="data.singleSelect">
          <option value="">---Please select---</option> <!-- not selected / blank option -->
          <option value="{{data.option1}}">Option 1</option> <!-- interpolation -->
          <option value="option-2">Option 2</option>
        </select><br>
        <button ng-click="forceUnknownOption()">Force unknown option</button><br>
        <tt>singleSelect = {{data.singleSelect}}</tt>

        <hr>
        <label for="multipleSelect"> Multiple select: </label><br>
        <select name="multipleSelect" id="multipleSelect" ng-model="data.multipleSelect" multiple>
          <option value="option-1">Option 1</option>
          <option value="option-2">Option 2</option>
          <option value="option-3">Option 3</option>
        </select><br>
        <tt>multipleSelect = {{data.multipleSelect}}</tt><br/>
      </form>
    </div>

    angular.module('staticSelect', [])
     .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
       $scope.data = {
        singleSelect: null,
        multipleSelect: [],
        option1: 'option-1'
       };

       $scope.forceUnknownOption = function() {
         $scope.data.singleSelect = 'nonsense';
       };
    }]);

### Using `ngRepeat` to generate `select` options

    <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
      <form name="myForm">
        <label for="repeatSelect"> Repeat select: </label>
        <select name="repeatSelect" id="repeatSelect" ng-model="data.model">
          <option ng-repeat="option in data.availableOptions" value="{{option.id}}">{{option.name}}</option>
        </select>
      </form>
      <hr>
      <tt>model = {{data.model}}</tt><br/>
    </div>

    angular.module('ngrepeatSelect', [])
     .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
       $scope.data = {
        model: null,
        availableOptions: [
          {id: '1', name: 'Option A'},
          {id: '2', name: 'Option B'},
          {id: '3', name: 'Option C'}
        ]
       };
    }]);

### Using `ngValue` to bind the model to an array of objects

    <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
      <form name="myForm">
        <label for="ngvalueselect"> ngvalue select: </label>
        <select size="6" name="ngvalueselect" ng-model="data.model" multiple>
          <option ng-repeat="option in data.availableOptions" ng-value="option.value">{{option.name}}</option>
        </select>
      </form>
      <hr>
      <pre>model = {{data.model | json}}</pre><br/>
    </div>

    angular.module('ngvalueSelect', [])
     .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
       $scope.data = {
        model: null,
        availableOptions: [
             {value: 'myString', name: 'string'},
             {value: 1, name: 'integer'},
             {value: true, name: 'boolean'},
             {value: null, name: 'null'},
             {value: {prop: 'value'}, name: 'object'},
             {value: ['a'], name: 'array'}
        ]
       };
    }]);

### Using `select` with `ngOptions` and setting a default value

See the ngOptions documentation for more `ngOptions` usage examples.

    <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
      <form name="myForm">
        <label for="mySelect">Make a choice:</label>
        <select name="mySelect" id="mySelect"
          ng-options="option.name for option in data.availableOptions track by option.id"
          ng-model="data.selectedOption"></select>
      </form>
      <hr>
      <tt>option = {{data.selectedOption}}</tt><br/>
    </div>

    angular.module('defaultValueSelect', [])
     .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
       $scope.data = {
        availableOptions: [
          {id: '1', name: 'Option A'},
          {id: '2', name: 'Option B'},
          {id: '3', name: 'Option C'}
        ],
        selectedOption: {id: '3', name: 'Option C'} //This sets the default value of the select in the ui
        };
    }]);

### Binding `select` to a non-string value via `ngModel` parsing / formatting

    <select ng-model="model.id" convert-to-number>
      <option value="0">Zero</option>
      <option value="1">One</option>
      <option value="2">Two</option>
    </select>
    {{ model }}

    angular.module('nonStringSelect', [])
    .run(function($rootScope) {
      $rootScope.model = { id: 2 };
    })
    .directive('convertToNumber', function() {
      return {
        require: 'ngModel',
        link: function(scope, element, attrs, ngModel) {
          ngModel.$parsers.push(function(val) {
            return parseInt(val, 10);
          });
          ngModel.$formatters.push(function(val) {
            return '' + val;
          });
        }
      };
    });

    it('should initialize to model', function() {
      expect(element(by.model('model.id')).$('option:checked').getText()).toEqual('Two');
    });