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# bind2vind

> Convert a linear index in an underlying data buffer to a linear index in an array view.

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## Usage

```javascript
var bind2vind = require( '@stdlib/ndarray/base/bind2vind' );
```

#### bind2vind( shape, strides, offset, order, idx, mode )

Converts a linear index in an underlying data buffer to a linear index in an array view.

```javascript
var shape = [ 3, 3 ];
var order = 'row-major';
var strides = [ -3, 1 ];
var offset = 6;

var idx = bind2vind( shape, strides, offset, order, 7, 'throw' );
// returns 1
```

The function supports the following modes:

-   **throw**: specifies that the function should throw an error when a linear index exceeds array dimensions.
-   **normalize**: specifies that the function should normalize negative indices and should throw an error when a linear index exceeds array dimensions.
-   **wrap**: specifies that the function should wrap around a linear index exceeding array dimensions using modulo arithmetic.
-   **clamp**: specifies that the function should set a linear index exceeding array dimensions to either `0` (minimum linear index) or the maximum linear index.

```javascript
var shape = [ 2, 2 ];
var order = 'row-major';
var strides = [ -2, 1 ];
var offset = 2;

var idx = bind2vind( shape, strides, offset, order, -2, 'wrap' );
// returns 0

idx = bind2vind( shape, strides, offset, order, 10, 'clamp' );
// returns 1
```

The `order` parameter specifies whether an array is `row-major` (C-style) or `column-major` (Fortran-style).

```javascript
var shape = [ 2, 2 ];
var order = 'column-major';
var strides = [ 1, -2 ];
var offset = 2;

var idx = bind2vind( shape, strides, offset, order, 2, 'throw' );
// returns 0
```

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## Examples

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```javascript
var shape2strides = require( '@stdlib/ndarray/base/shape2strides' );
var strides2offset = require( '@stdlib/ndarray/base/strides2offset' );
var numel = require( '@stdlib/ndarray/base/numel' );
var randu = require( '@stdlib/random/base/randu' );
var bind2vind = require( '@stdlib/ndarray/base/bind2vind' );

// Specify array meta data:
var shape = [ 3, 3, 3 ];
var order = 'row-major';

// Compute array meta data:
var len = numel( shape );
var strides = shape2strides( shape, order );

// Randomly flip the sign of strides...
var i;
for ( i = 0; i < shape.length; i++ ) {
    if ( randu() < 0.5 ) {
        strides[ i ] *= -1;
    }
}

// Compute the underlying data buffer index offset:
var offset = strides2offset( shape, strides );

// Print array info:
console.log( 'Dims: %s', shape.join( 'x' ) );
console.log( 'Strides: %s', strides.join( ',' ) );
console.log( 'Offset: %d', offset );

// For each underlying data buffer index, determine the corresponding index into an array view...
var ind;
for ( i = 0; i < len; i++ ) {
    ind = bind2vind( shape, strides, offset, order, i, 'throw' );
    console.log( 'buffer[%d] => view[%d]', i, ind );
}
```

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