#

API Docs for: v3.8.1
Show: Inherited Protected Private Deprecated

# File: addon/-private/system/store.js

    /**
      @module ember-data
    */
    import { registerWaiter, unregisterWaiter } from '@ember/test';

    import { A } from '@ember/array';
    import EmberError from '@ember/error';
    import { run as emberRunLoop } from '@ember/runloop';
    import { set, get, computed } from '@ember/object';
    import { getOwner } from '@ember/application';
    import { assign } from '@ember/polyfills';
    import { default as RSVP, Promise } from 'rsvp';
    import Service from '@ember/service';
    import { typeOf, isPresent, isNone } from '@ember/utils';

    import Ember from 'ember';
    import { InvalidError } from '../adapters/errors';
    import { instrument } from 'ember-data/-debug';
    import { assert, deprecate, warn, inspect } from '@ember/debug';
    import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
    import Model from './model/model';
    import normalizeModelName from './normalize-model-name';
    import IdentityMap from './identity-map';
    import RecordDataWrapper from './store/record-data-wrapper';

    import { promiseArray, promiseObject } from './promise-proxies';

    import { _bind, _guard, _objectIsAlive, guardDestroyedStore } from './store/common';

    import { normalizeResponseHelper } from './store/serializer-response';
    import { serializerForAdapter } from './store/serializers';
    import recordDataFor from './record-data-for';

    import {
      _find,
      _findMany,
      _findHasMany,
      _findBelongsTo,
      _findAll,
      _query,
      _queryRecord,
    } from './store/finders';

    import coerceId from './coerce-id';
    import RecordArrayManager from './record-array-manager';
    import InternalModel from './model/internal-model';
    import RecordData from './model/record-data';
    import edBackburner from './backburner';

    const badIdFormatAssertion = '`id` passed to `findRecord()` has to be non-empty string or number';
    const emberRun = emberRunLoop.backburner;

    const { ENV } = Ember;

    let globalClientIdCounter = 1;

    //Get the materialized model from the internalModel/promise that returns
    //an internal model and return it in a promiseObject. Useful for returning
    //from find methods
    function promiseRecord(internalModelPromise, label) {
      let toReturn = internalModelPromise.then(internalModel => internalModel.getRecord());

      return promiseObject(toReturn, label);
    }

    // Implementors Note:
    //
    //   The variables in this file are consistently named according to the following
    //   scheme:
    //
    //   * +id+ means an identifier managed by an external source, provided inside
    //     the data provided by that source. These are always coerced to be strings
    //     before being used internally.
    //   * +clientId+ means a transient numerical identifier generated at runtime by
    //     the data store. It is important primarily because newly created objects may
    //     not yet have an externally generated id.
    //   * +internalModel+ means a record internalModel object, which holds metadata about a
    //     record, even if it has not yet been fully materialized.
    //   * +type+ means a DS.Model.

    const {
      _generateId,
      _internalModelForId,
      _load,
      _pushInternalModel,
      adapterFor,
      _buildInternalModel,
      _didUpdateAll,
      normalize,
      peekAll,
      peekRecord,
      serializerFor,
      _internalModelsFor,
    } = heimdall.registerMonitor(
      'store',
      '_generateId',
      '_internalModelForId',
      '_load',
      '_pushInternalModel',
      'adapterFor',
      '_buildInternalModel',
      '_didUpdateAll',
      'normalize',
      'peekAll',
      'peekRecord',
      'serializerFor',
      '_internalModelsFor'
    );

    /**
      The store contains all of the data for records loaded from the server.
      It is also responsible for creating instances of `DS.Model` that wrap
      the individual data for a record, so that they can be bound to in your
      Handlebars templates.

      Define your application's store like this:

      ```app/services/store.js
      import DS from 'ember-data';

      export default DS.Store.extend({
      });
      ```

      Most Ember.js applications will only have a single `DS.Store` that is
      automatically created by their `Ember.Application`.

      You can retrieve models from the store in several ways. To retrieve a record
      for a specific id, use `DS.Store`'s `findRecord()` method:

      ```javascript
      store.findRecord('person', 123).then(function (person) {
      });
      ```

      By default, the store will talk to your backend using a standard
      REST mechanism. You can customize how the store talks to your
      backend by specifying a custom adapter:

      ```app/adapters/application.js
      import DS from 'ember-data';

      export default DS.Adapter.extend({
      });
      ```

      You can learn more about writing a custom adapter by reading the `DS.Adapter`
      documentation.

      ### Store createRecord() vs. push() vs. pushPayload()

      The store provides multiple ways to create new record objects. They have
      some subtle differences in their use which are detailed below:

      [createRecord](#method_createRecord) is used for creating new
      records on the client side. This will return a new record in the
      `created.uncommitted` state. In order to persist this record to the
      backend, you will need to call `record.save()`.

      [push](#method_push) is used to notify Ember Data's store of new or
      updated records that exist in the backend. This will return a record
      in the `loaded.saved` state. The primary use-case for `store#push` is
      to notify Ember Data about record updates (full or partial) that happen
      outside of the normal adapter methods (for example
      [SSE](http://dev.w3.org/html5/eventsource/) or [Web
      Sockets](http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-websockets-20091222/)).

      [pushPayload](#method_pushPayload) is a convenience wrapper for
      `store#push` that will deserialize payloads if the
      Serializer implements a `pushPayload` method.

      Note: When creating a new record using any of the above methods
      Ember Data will update `DS.RecordArray`s such as those returned by
      `store#peekAll()` or `store#findAll()`. This means any
      data bindings or computed properties that depend on the RecordArray
      will automatically be synced to include the new or updated record
      values.

      @class Store
      @namespace DS
      @extends Ember.Service
    */
    const Store = Service.extend({
      /**
        @method init
        @private
      */
      init() {
        this._super(...arguments);
        this._backburner = edBackburner;
        // internal bookkeeping; not observable
        this.recordArrayManager = new RecordArrayManager({ store: this });
        this._identityMap = new IdentityMap();
        // To keep track of clientIds for newly created records
        this._newlyCreated = new IdentityMap();
        this._pendingSave = [];
        this._modelFactoryCache = Object.create(null);
        this._relationshipsDefCache = Object.create(null);
        this._attributesDefCache = Object.create(null);

        /*
          Ember Data uses several specialized micro-queues for organizing
          and coalescing similar async work.

          These queues are currently controlled by a flush scheduled into
          ember-data's custom backburner instance.
         */
        // used for coalescing record save requests
        this._pendingSave = [];
        // used for coalescing relationship updates
        this._updatedRelationships = [];
        // used for coalescing relationship setup needs
        this._pushedInternalModels = [];
        // used for coalescing internal model updates
        this._updatedInternalModels = [];

        // used to keep track of all the find requests that need to be coalesced
        this._pendingFetch = new Map();

        this._adapterCache = Object.create(null);
        this._serializerCache = Object.create(null);

        this.recordDataWrapper = new RecordDataWrapper(this);

        if (DEBUG) {
          this.shouldAssertMethodCallsOnDestroyedStore =
            this.shouldAssertMethodCallsOnDestroyedStore || false;
          if (this.shouldTrackAsyncRequests === undefined) {
            this.shouldTrackAsyncRequests = false;
          }
          if (this.generateStackTracesForTrackedRequests === undefined) {
            this.generateStackTracesForTrackedRequests = false;
          }

          this._trackedAsyncRequests = [];
          this._trackAsyncRequestStart = label => {
            let trace =
              'set `store.generateStackTracesForTrackedRequests = true;` to get a detailed trace for where this request originated';

            if (this.generateStackTracesForTrackedRequests) {
              try {
                throw new Error(`EmberData TrackedRequest: ${label}`);
              } catch (e) {
                trace = e;
              }
            }

            let token = Object.freeze({
              label,
              trace,
            });

            this._trackedAsyncRequests.push(token);
            return token;
          };
          this._trackAsyncRequestEnd = token => {
            let index = this._trackedAsyncRequests.indexOf(token);

            if (index === -1) {
              throw new Error(
                `Attempted to end tracking for the following request but it was not being tracked:\n${token}`
              );
            }

            this._trackedAsyncRequests.splice(index, 1);
          };

          this.__asyncWaiter = () => {
            let shouldTrack = this.shouldTrackAsyncRequests;
            let tracked = this._trackedAsyncRequests;
            let isSettled = tracked.length === 0;

            return shouldTrack !== true || isSettled;
          };

          registerWaiter(this.__asyncWaiter);
        }
      },

      /**
        The default adapter to use to communicate to a backend server or
        other persistence layer. This will be overridden by an application
        adapter if present.

        If you want to specify `app/adapters/custom.js` as a string, do:

        ```js
        import DS from 'ember-data';

        export default DS.Store.extend({
          adapter: 'custom',
        });
        ```

        @property adapter
        @default '-json-api'
        @type {String}
      */
      adapter: '-json-api',

      /**
        This property returns the adapter, after resolving a possible
        string key.

        If the supplied `adapter` was a class, or a String property
        path resolved to a class, this property will instantiate the
        class.

        This property is cacheable, so the same instance of a specified
        adapter class should be used for the lifetime of the store.

        @property defaultAdapter
        @private
        @return DS.Adapter
      */
      defaultAdapter: computed('adapter', function() {
        let adapter = get(this, 'adapter');

        assert(
          'You tried to set `adapter` property to an instance of `DS.Adapter`, where it should be a name',
          typeof adapter === 'string'
        );

        return this.adapterFor(adapter);
      }),

      // .....................
      // . CREATE NEW RECORD .
      // .....................

      /**
        Create a new record in the current store. The properties passed
        to this method are set on the newly created record.

        To create a new instance of a `Post`:

        ```js
        store.createRecord('post', {
          title: 'Ember is awesome!'
        });
        ```

        To create a new instance of a `Post` that has a relationship with a `User` record:

        ```js
        let user = this.store.peekRecord('user', 1);
        store.createRecord('post', {
          title: 'Ember is awesome!',
          user: user
        });
        ```

        @method createRecord
        @param {String} modelName
        @param {Object} inputProperties a hash of properties to set on the
          newly created record.
        @return {DS.Model} record
      */
      createRecord(modelName, inputProperties) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'createRecord');
        }
        assert(
          `You need to pass a model name to the store's createRecord method`,
          isPresent(modelName)
        );
        assert(
          `Passing classes to store methods has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${modelName}`,
          typeof modelName === 'string'
        );

        // This is wrapped in a `run.join` so that in test environments users do not need to manually wrap
        //   calls to `createRecord`. The run loop usage here is because we batch the joining and updating
        //   of record-arrays via ember's run loop, not our own.
        //
        //   to remove this, we would need to move to a new `async` API.
        return emberRun.join(() => {
          return this._backburner.join(() => {
            let normalizedModelName = normalizeModelName(modelName);
            let properties = assign({}, inputProperties);

            // If the passed properties do not include a primary key,
            // give the adapter an opportunity to generate one. Typically,
            // client-side ID generators will use something like uuid.js
            // to avoid conflicts.

            if (isNone(properties.id)) {
              properties.id = this._generateId(normalizedModelName, properties);
            }

            // Coerce ID to a string
            properties.id = coerceId(properties.id);

            let internalModel = this._buildInternalModel(normalizedModelName, properties.id);
            internalModel.loadedData();
            // TODO this exists just to proxy `isNew` to RecordData which is weird
            internalModel.didCreateRecord();

            return internalModel.getRecord(properties);
          });
        });
      },

      /**
        If possible, this method asks the adapter to generate an ID for
        a newly created record.

        @method _generateId
        @private
        @param {String} modelName
        @param {Object} properties from the new record
        @return {String} if the adapter can generate one, an ID
      */
      _generateId(modelName, properties) {
        heimdall.increment(_generateId);
        let adapter = this.adapterFor(modelName);

        if (adapter && adapter.generateIdForRecord) {
          return adapter.generateIdForRecord(this, modelName, properties);
        }

        return null;
      },

      // .................
      // . DELETE RECORD .
      // .................

      /**
        For symmetry, a record can be deleted via the store.

        Example

        ```javascript
        let post = store.createRecord('post', {
          title: 'Ember is awesome!'
        });

        store.deleteRecord(post);
        ```

        @method deleteRecord
        @param {DS.Model} record
      */
      deleteRecord(record) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'deleteRecord');
        }
        record.deleteRecord();
      },

      /**
        For symmetry, a record can be unloaded via the store.
        This will cause the record to be destroyed and freed up for garbage collection.

        Example

        ```javascript
        store.findRecord('post', 1).then(function(post) {
          store.unloadRecord(post);
        });
        ```

        @method unloadRecord
        @param {DS.Model} record
      */
      unloadRecord(record) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'unloadRecord');
        }
        record.unloadRecord();
      },

      // ................
      // . FIND RECORDS .
      // ................

      /**
        @method find
        @param {String} modelName
        @param {String|Integer} id
        @param {Object} options
        @return {Promise} promise
        @private
      */
      find(modelName, id, options) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'find');
        }
        // The default `model` hook in Route calls `find(modelName, id)`,
        // that's why we have to keep this method around even though `findRecord` is
        // the public way to get a record by modelName and id.
        assert(
          `Using store.find(type) has been removed. Use store.findAll(modelName) to retrieve all records for a given type.`,
          arguments.length !== 1
        );
        assert(
          `Calling store.find(modelName, id, { preload: preload }) is no longer supported. Use store.findRecord(modelName, id, { preload: preload }) instead.`,
          !options
        );
        assert(
          `You need to pass the model name and id to the store's find method`,
          arguments.length === 2
        );
        assert(
          `You cannot pass '${id}' as id to the store's find method`,
          typeof id === 'string' || typeof id === 'number'
        );
        assert(
          `Calling store.find() with a query object is no longer supported. Use store.query() instead.`,
          typeof id !== 'object'
        );
        assert(
          `Passing classes to store methods has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${modelName}`,
          typeof modelName === 'string'
        );

        return this.findRecord(modelName, id);
      },

      /**
        This method returns a record for a given type and id combination.

        The `findRecord` method will always resolve its promise with the same
        object for a given type and `id`.

        The `findRecord` method will always return a **promise** that will be
        resolved with the record.

        Example

        ```app/routes/post.js
        import Route from '@ember/routing/route';

        export default Route.extend({
          model(params) {
            return this.store.findRecord('post', params.post_id);
          }
        });
        ```

        If the record is not yet available, the store will ask the adapter's `find`
        method to find the necessary data. If the record is already present in the
        store, it depends on the reload behavior _when_ the returned promise
        resolves.

        ### Preloading

        You can optionally `preload` specific attributes and relationships that you know of
        by passing them via the passed `options`.

        For example, if your Ember route looks like `/posts/1/comments/2` and your API route
        for the comment also looks like `/posts/1/comments/2` if you want to fetch the comment
        without fetching the post you can pass in the post to the `findRecord` call:

        ```javascript
        store.findRecord('comment', 2, { preload: { post: 1 } });
        ```

        If you have access to the post model you can also pass the model itself:

        ```javascript
        store.findRecord('post', 1).then(function (myPostModel) {
          store.findRecord('comment', 2, { post: myPostModel });
        });
        ```

        ### Reloading

        The reload behavior is configured either via the passed `options` hash or
        the result of the adapter's `shouldReloadRecord`.

        If `{ reload: true }` is passed or `adapter.shouldReloadRecord` evaluates
        to `true`, then the returned promise resolves once the adapter returns
        data, regardless if the requested record is already in the store:

        ```js
        store.push({
          data: {
            id: 1,
            type: 'post',
            revision: 1
          }
        });

        // adapter#findRecord resolves with
        // [
        //   {
        //     id: 1,
        //     type: 'post',
        //     revision: 2
        //   }
        // ]
        store.findRecord('post', 1, { reload: true }).then(function(post) {
          post.get('revision'); // 2
        });
        ```

        If no reload is indicated via the abovementioned ways, then the promise
        immediately resolves with the cached version in the store.

        ### Background Reloading

        Optionally, if `adapter.shouldBackgroundReloadRecord` evaluates to `true`,
        then a background reload is started, which updates the records' data, once
        it is available:

        ```js
        // app/adapters/post.js
        import ApplicationAdapter from "./application";

        export default ApplicationAdapter.extend({
          shouldReloadRecord(store, snapshot) {
            return false;
          },

          shouldBackgroundReloadRecord(store, snapshot) {
            return true;
          }
        });

        // ...

        store.push({
          data: {
            id: 1,
            type: 'post',
            revision: 1
          }
        });

        let blogPost = store.findRecord('post', 1).then(function(post) {
          post.get('revision'); // 1
        });

        // later, once adapter#findRecord resolved with
        // [
        //   {
        //     id: 1,
        //     type: 'post',
        //     revision: 2
        //   }
        // ]

        blogPost.get('revision'); // 2
        ```

        If you would like to force or prevent background reloading, you can set a
        boolean value for `backgroundReload` in the options object for
        `findRecord`.

        ```app/routes/post/edit.js
        import Route from '@ember/routing/route';

        export default Route.extend({
          model(params) {
            return this.store.findRecord('post', params.post_id, { backgroundReload: false });
          }
        });
        ```

        If you pass an object on the `adapterOptions` property of the options
        argument it will be passed to you adapter via the snapshot

        ```app/routes/post/edit.js
        import Route from '@ember/routing/route';

        export default Route.extend({
          model(params) {
            return this.store.findRecord('post', params.post_id, {
              adapterOptions: { subscribe: false }
            });
          }
        });
        ```

        ```app/adapters/post.js
        import MyCustomAdapter from './custom-adapter';

        export default MyCustomAdapter.extend({
          findRecord(store, type, id, snapshot) {
            if (snapshot.adapterOptions.subscribe) {
              // ...
            }
            // ...
          }
        });
        ```

        See [peekRecord](#method_peekRecord) to get the cached version of a record.

        ### Retrieving Related Model Records

        If you use an adapter such as Ember's default
        [`JSONAPIAdapter`](https://emberjs.com/api/data/classes/DS.JSONAPIAdapter.html)
        that supports the [JSON API specification](http://jsonapi.org/) and if your server
        endpoint supports the use of an
        ['include' query parameter](http://jsonapi.org/format/#fetching-includes),
        you can use `findRecord()` to automatically retrieve additional records related to
        the one you request by supplying an `include` parameter in the `options` object.

        For example, given a `post` model that has a `hasMany` relationship with a `comment`
        model, when we retrieve a specific post we can have the server also return that post's
        comments in the same request:

        ```app/routes/post.js
        import Route from '@ember/routing/route';

        export default Route.extend({
          model(params) {
            return this.store.findRecord('post', params.post_id, { include: 'comments' });
          }
        });

        ```
        In this case, the post's comments would then be available in your template as
        `model.comments`.

        Multiple relationships can be requested using an `include` parameter consisting of a
        comma-separated list (without white-space) while nested relationships can be specified
        using a dot-separated sequence of relationship names. So to request both the post's
        comments and the authors of those comments the request would look like this:

        ```app/routes/post.js
        import Route from '@ember/routing/route';

        export default Route.extend({
          model(params) {
            return this.store.findRecord('post', params.post_id, { include: 'comments,comments.author' });
          }
        });

        ```

        @since 1.13.0
        @method findRecord
        @param {String} modelName
        @param {(String|Integer)} id
        @param {Object} [options]
        @param {Object} preload - optional set of attributes and relationships passed in either as IDs or as actual models
        @return {Promise} promise
      */
      findRecord(modelName, id, options) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'findRecord');
        }
        assert(`You need to pass a model name to the store's findRecord method`, isPresent(modelName));
        assert(
          `Passing classes to store methods has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${modelName}`,
          typeof modelName === 'string'
        );
        assert(
          badIdFormatAssertion,
          (typeof id === 'string' && id.length > 0) || (typeof id === 'number' && !isNaN(id))
        );

        let normalizedModelName = normalizeModelName(modelName);

        let internalModel = this._internalModelForId(normalizedModelName, id);
        options = options || {};

        if (!this.hasRecordForId(normalizedModelName, id)) {
          return this._findByInternalModel(internalModel, options);
        }

        let fetchedInternalModel = this._findRecord(internalModel, options);

        return promiseRecord(
          fetchedInternalModel,
          `DS: Store#findRecord ${normalizedModelName} with id: ${id}`
        );
      },

      _findRecord(internalModel, options) {
        // Refetch if the reload option is passed
        if (options.reload) {
          return this._scheduleFetch(internalModel, options);
        }

        let snapshot = internalModel.createSnapshot(options);
        let adapter = this.adapterFor(internalModel.modelName);

        // Refetch the record if the adapter thinks the record is stale
        if (adapter.shouldReloadRecord(this, snapshot)) {
          return this._scheduleFetch(internalModel, options);
        }

        if (options.backgroundReload === false) {
          return Promise.resolve(internalModel);
        }

        // Trigger the background refetch if backgroundReload option is passed
        if (options.backgroundReload || adapter.shouldBackgroundReloadRecord(this, snapshot)) {
          this._scheduleFetch(internalModel, options);
        }

        // Return the cached record
        return Promise.resolve(internalModel);
      },

      _findByInternalModel(internalModel, options = {}) {
        if (options.preload) {
          internalModel.preloadData(options.preload);
        }

        let fetchedInternalModel = this._findEmptyInternalModel(internalModel, options);

        return promiseRecord(
          fetchedInternalModel,
          `DS: Store#findRecord ${internalModel.modelName} with id: ${internalModel.id}`
        );
      },

      _findEmptyInternalModel(internalModel, options) {
        if (internalModel.isEmpty()) {
          return this._scheduleFetch(internalModel, options);
        }

        //TODO double check about reloading
        if (internalModel.isLoading()) {
          return internalModel._promiseProxy;
        }

        return Promise.resolve(internalModel);
      },

      /**
        This method makes a series of requests to the adapter's `find` method
        and returns a promise that resolves once they are all loaded.

        @private
        @method findByIds
        @param {String} modelName
        @param {Array} ids
        @return {Promise} promise
      */
      findByIds(modelName, ids) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'findByIds');
        }
        assert(`You need to pass a model name to the store's findByIds method`, isPresent(modelName));
        assert(
          `Passing classes to store methods has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${modelName}`,
          typeof modelName === 'string'
        );

        let promises = new Array(ids.length);

        let normalizedModelName = normalizeModelName(modelName);

        for (let i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
          promises[i] = this.findRecord(normalizedModelName, ids[i]);
        }

        return promiseArray(
          RSVP.all(promises).then(A, null, `DS: Store#findByIds of ${normalizedModelName} complete`)
        );
      },

      /**
        This method is called by `findRecord` if it discovers that a particular
        type/id pair hasn't been loaded yet to kick off a request to the
        adapter.

        @method _fetchRecord
        @private
        @param {InternalModel} internalModel model
        @return {Promise} promise
       */
      _fetchRecord(internalModel, options) {
        let modelName = internalModel.modelName;
        let adapter = this.adapterFor(modelName);

        assert(`You tried to find a record but you have no adapter (for ${modelName})`, adapter);
        assert(
          `You tried to find a record but your adapter (for ${modelName}) does not implement 'findRecord'`,
          typeof adapter.findRecord === 'function'
        );

        return _find(adapter, this, internalModel.type, internalModel.id, internalModel, options);
      },

      _scheduleFetchMany(internalModels, options) {
        let fetches = new Array(internalModels.length);

        for (let i = 0; i < internalModels.length; i++) {
          fetches[i] = this._scheduleFetch(internalModels[i], options);
        }

        return Promise.all(fetches);
      },

      _scheduleFetch(internalModel, options) {
        if (internalModel._promiseProxy) {
          return internalModel._promiseProxy;
        }

        let { id, modelName } = internalModel;
        let resolver = RSVP.defer(`Fetching ${modelName}' with id: ${id}`);
        let pendingFetchItem = {
          internalModel,
          resolver,
          options,
        };

        if (DEBUG) {
          if (this.generateStackTracesForTrackedRequests === true) {
            let trace;

            try {
              throw new Error(`Trace Origin for scheduled fetch for ${modelName}:${id}.`);
            } catch (e) {
              trace = e;
            }

            // enable folks to discover the origin of this findRecord call when
            // debugging. Ideally we would have a tracked queue for requests with
            // labels or local IDs that could be used to merge this trace with
            // the trace made available when we detect an async leak
            pendingFetchItem.trace = trace;
          }
        }

        let promise = resolver.promise;

        internalModel.loadingData(promise);
        if (this._pendingFetch.size === 0) {
          emberRun.schedule('actions', this, this.flushAllPendingFetches);
        }

        let fetches = this._pendingFetch;
        if (!fetches.has(modelName)) {
          fetches.set(modelName, []);
        }

        fetches.get(modelName).push(pendingFetchItem);

        return promise;
      },

      flushAllPendingFetches() {
        if (this.isDestroyed || this.isDestroying) {
          return;
        }

        this._pendingFetch.forEach(this._flushPendingFetchForType, this);
        this._pendingFetch.clear();
      },

      _flushPendingFetchForType(pendingFetchItems, modelName) {
        let store = this;
        let adapter = store.adapterFor(modelName);
        let shouldCoalesce = !!adapter.findMany && adapter.coalesceFindRequests;
        let totalItems = pendingFetchItems.length;
        let internalModels = new Array(totalItems);
        let seeking = Object.create(null);

        let optionsMap = new WeakMap();

        for (let i = 0; i < totalItems; i++) {
          let pendingItem = pendingFetchItems[i];
          let internalModel = pendingItem.internalModel;
          internalModels[i] = internalModel;
          optionsMap.set(internalModel, pendingItem.options);
          seeking[internalModel.id] = pendingItem;
        }

        for (let i = 0; i < totalItems; i++) {
          let internalModel = internalModels[i];
          // We may have unloaded the record after scheduling this fetch, in which
          // case we must cancel the destroy.  This is because we require a record
          // to build a snapshot.  This is not fundamental: this cancelation code
          // can be removed when snapshots can be created for internal models that
          // have no records.
          if (internalModel.hasScheduledDestroy()) {
            internalModels[i].cancelDestroy();
          }
        }

        function _fetchRecord(recordResolverPair) {
          let recordFetch = store._fetchRecord(
            recordResolverPair.internalModel,
            recordResolverPair.options
          );

          recordResolverPair.resolver.resolve(recordFetch);
        }

        function handleFoundRecords(foundInternalModels, expectedInternalModels) {
          // resolve found records
          let found = Object.create(null);
          for (let i = 0, l = foundInternalModels.length; i < l; i++) {
            let internalModel = foundInternalModels[i];
            let pair = seeking[internalModel.id];
            found[internalModel.id] = internalModel;

            if (pair) {
              let resolver = pair.resolver;
              resolver.resolve(internalModel);
            }
          }

          // reject missing records
          let missingInternalModels = [];

          for (let i = 0, l = expectedInternalModels.length; i < l; i++) {
            let internalModel = expectedInternalModels[i];

            if (!found[internalModel.id]) {
              missingInternalModels.push(internalModel);
            }
          }

          if (missingInternalModels.length) {
            warn(
              'Ember Data expected to find records with the following ids in the adapter response but they were missing: [ "' +
                missingInternalModels.map(r => r.id).join('", "') +
                '" ]',
              false,
              {
                id: 'ds.store.missing-records-from-adapter',
              }
            );
            rejectInternalModels(missingInternalModels);
          }
        }

        function rejectInternalModels(internalModels, error) {
          for (let i = 0, l = internalModels.length; i < l; i++) {
            let internalModel = internalModels[i];
            let pair = seeking[internalModel.id];

            if (pair) {
              pair.resolver.reject(
                error ||
                  new Error(
                    `Expected: '${internalModel}' to be present in the adapter provided payload, but it was not found.`
                  )
              );
            }
          }
        }

        if (shouldCoalesce) {
          // TODO: Improve records => snapshots => records => snapshots
          //
          // We want to provide records to all store methods and snapshots to all
          // adapter methods. To make sure we're doing that we're providing an array
          // of snapshots to adapter.groupRecordsForFindMany(), which in turn will
          // return grouped snapshots instead of grouped records.
          //
          // But since the _findMany() finder is a store method we need to get the
          // records from the grouped snapshots even though the _findMany() finder
          // will once again convert the records to snapshots for adapter.findMany()
          let snapshots = new Array(totalItems);
          for (let i = 0; i < totalItems; i++) {
            snapshots[i] = internalModels[i].createSnapshot(optionsMap.get(internalModel));
          }

          let groups = adapter.groupRecordsForFindMany(this, snapshots);

          for (var i = 0, l = groups.length; i < l; i++) {
            var group = groups[i];
            var totalInGroup = groups[i].length;
            var ids = new Array(totalInGroup);
            var groupedInternalModels = new Array(totalInGroup);

            for (var j = 0; j < totalInGroup; j++) {
              var internalModel = group[j]._internalModel;

              groupedInternalModels[j] = internalModel;
              ids[j] = internalModel.id;
            }

            if (totalInGroup > 1) {
              (function(groupedInternalModels) {
                _findMany(adapter, store, modelName, ids, groupedInternalModels, optionsMap)
                  .then(function(foundInternalModels) {
                    handleFoundRecords(foundInternalModels, groupedInternalModels);
                  })
                  .catch(function(error) {
                    rejectInternalModels(groupedInternalModels, error);
                  });
              })(groupedInternalModels);
            } else if (ids.length === 1) {
              var pair = seeking[groupedInternalModels[0].id];
              _fetchRecord(pair);
            } else {
              assert(
                "You cannot return an empty array from adapter's method groupRecordsForFindMany",
                false
              );
            }
          }
        } else {
          for (let i = 0; i < totalItems; i++) {
            _fetchRecord(pendingFetchItems[i]);
          }
        }
      },

      /**
        Get the reference for the specified record.

        Example

        ```javascript
        let userRef = store.getReference('user', 1);

        // check if the user is loaded
        let isLoaded = userRef.value() !== null;

        // get the record of the reference (null if not yet available)
        let user = userRef.value();

        // get the identifier of the reference
        if (userRef.remoteType() === 'id') {
        let id = userRef.id();
        }

        // load user (via store.find)
        userRef.load().then(...)

        // or trigger a reload
        userRef.reload().then(...)

        // provide data for reference
        userRef.push({ id: 1, username: '@user' }).then(function(user) {
          userRef.value() === user;
        });
        ```

        @method getReference
        @param {String} modelName
        @param {String|Integer} id
        @since 2.5.0
        @return {RecordReference}
      */
      getReference(modelName, id) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'getReference');
        }
        let normalizedModelName = normalizeModelName(modelName);

        return this._internalModelForId(normalizedModelName, id).recordReference;
      },

      /**
        Get a record by a given type and ID without triggering a fetch.

        This method will synchronously return the record if it is available in the store,
        otherwise it will return `null`. A record is available if it has been fetched earlier, or
        pushed manually into the store.

        See [findRecord](#method_findRecord) if you would like to request this record from the backend.

        _Note: This is a synchronous method and does not return a promise._

        ```js
        let post = store.peekRecord('post', 1);

        post.get('id'); // 1
        ```

        @since 1.13.0
        @method peekRecord
        @param {String} modelName
        @param {String|Integer} id
        @return {DS.Model|null} record
      */
      peekRecord(modelName, id) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'peekRecord');
        }
        heimdall.increment(peekRecord);
        assert(`You need to pass a model name to the store's peekRecord method`, isPresent(modelName));
        assert(
          `You need to pass both a model name and id to the store's peekRecord method`,
          isPresent(modelName) && isPresent(id)
        );
        assert(
          `Passing classes to store methods has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${modelName}`,
          typeof modelName === 'string'
        );
        let normalizedModelName = normalizeModelName(modelName);

        if (this.hasRecordForId(normalizedModelName, id)) {
          return this._internalModelForId(normalizedModelName, id).getRecord();
        } else {
          return null;
        }
      },

      /**
        This method is called by the record's `reload` method.

        This method calls the adapter's `find` method, which returns a promise. When
        **that** promise resolves, `_reloadRecord` will resolve the promise returned
        by the record's `reload`.

        @method _reloadRecord
        @private
        @param {DS.Model} internalModel
        @param options optional to include adapterOptions
        @return {Promise} promise
      */
      _reloadRecord(internalModel, options) {
        let { id, modelName } = internalModel;
        let adapter = this.adapterFor(modelName);

        assert(`You cannot reload a record without an ID`, id);
        assert(`You tried to reload a record but you have no adapter (for ${modelName})`, adapter);
        assert(
          `You tried to reload a record but your adapter does not implement 'findRecord'`,
          typeof adapter.findRecord === 'function' || typeof adapter.find === 'function'
        );

        return this._scheduleFetch(internalModel, options);
      },

      /**
       This method returns true if a record for a given modelName and id is already
       loaded in the store. Use this function to know beforehand if a findRecord()
       will result in a request or that it will be a cache hit.

       Example

       ```javascript
       store.hasRecordForId('post', 1); // false
       store.findRecord('post', 1).then(function() {
         store.hasRecordForId('post', 1); // true
       });
       ```

        @method hasRecordForId
        @param {String} modelName
        @param {(String|Integer)} id
        @return {Boolean}
      */
      hasRecordForId(modelName, id) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'hasRecordForId');
        }
        assert(
          `You need to pass a model name to the store's hasRecordForId method`,
          isPresent(modelName)
        );
        assert(
          `Passing classes to store methods has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${modelName}`,
          typeof modelName === 'string'
        );

        let normalizedModelName = normalizeModelName(modelName);

        let trueId = coerceId(id);
        let internalModel = this._internalModelsFor(normalizedModelName).get(trueId);

        return !!internalModel && internalModel.isLoaded();
      },

      /**
        Returns id record for a given type and ID. If one isn't already loaded,
        it builds a new record and leaves it in the `empty` state.

        @method recordForId
        @private
        @param {String} modelName
        @param {(String|Integer)} id
        @return {DS.Model} record
      */
      recordForId(modelName, id) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'recordForId');
        }
        assert(`You need to pass a model name to the store's recordForId method`, isPresent(modelName));
        assert(
          `Passing classes to store methods has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${modelName}`,
          typeof modelName === 'string'
        );

        return this._internalModelForId(modelName, id).getRecord();
      },

      // directly get an internal model from ID map if it is there, without doing any
      // processing
      _getInternalModelForId(modelName, id, clientId) {
        let internalModel;
        if (clientId) {
          internalModel = this._newlyCreatedModelsFor(modelName).get(clientId);
        }

        if (!internalModel) {
          internalModel = this._internalModelsFor(modelName).get(id);
        }
        return internalModel;
      },

      _internalModelForId(modelName, id, clientId) {
        heimdall.increment(_internalModelForId);
        let trueId = coerceId(id);
        let internalModel = this._getInternalModelForId(modelName, trueId, clientId);

        if (internalModel) {
          // unloadRecord is async, if one attempts to unload + then sync push,
          //   we must ensure the unload is canceled before continuing
          //   The createRecord path will take _existingInternalModelForId()
          //   which will call `destroySync` instead for this unload + then
          //   sync createRecord scenario. Once we have true client-side
          //   delete signaling, we should never call destroySync
          if (internalModel.hasScheduledDestroy()) {
            internalModel.cancelDestroy();
          }

          return internalModel;
        }

        return this._buildInternalModel(modelName, trueId, null, clientId);
      },

      /**
        @method findMany
        @private
        @param {Array} internalModels
        @return {Promise} promise
      */
      findMany(internalModels, options) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'findMany');
        }
        let finds = new Array(internalModels.length);

        for (let i = 0; i < internalModels.length; i++) {
          finds[i] = this._findEmptyInternalModel(internalModels[i], options);
        }

        return Promise.all(finds);
      },

      /**
        If a relationship was originally populated by the adapter as a link
        (as opposed to a list of IDs), this method is called when the
        relationship is fetched.

        The link (which is usually a URL) is passed through unchanged, so the
        adapter can make whatever request it wants.

        The usual use-case is for the server to register a URL as a link, and
        then use that URL in the future to make a request for the relationship.

        @method findHasMany
        @private
        @param {InternalModel} internalModel
        @param {any} link
        @param {(Relationship)} relationship
        @return {Promise} promise
      */
      findHasMany(internalModel, link, relationship, options) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'findHasMany');
        }
        let adapter = this.adapterFor(internalModel.modelName);

        assert(
          `You tried to load a hasMany relationship but you have no adapter (for ${internalModel.modelName})`,
          adapter
        );
        assert(
          `You tried to load a hasMany relationship from a specified 'link' in the original payload but your adapter does not implement 'findHasMany'`,
          typeof adapter.findHasMany === 'function'
        );

        return _findHasMany(adapter, this, internalModel, link, relationship, options);
      },

      _findHasManyByJsonApiResource(resource, parentInternalModel, relationshipMeta, options) {
        if (!resource) {
          return RSVP.resolve([]);
        }

        let {
          relationshipIsStale,
          allInverseRecordsAreLoaded,
          hasDematerializedInverse,
          hasAnyRelationshipData,
          relationshipIsEmpty,
        } = resource._relationship;

        let shouldFindViaLink =
          resource.links &&
          resource.links.related &&
          (hasDematerializedInverse ||
            relationshipIsStale ||
            (!allInverseRecordsAreLoaded && !relationshipIsEmpty));

        // fetch via link
        if (shouldFindViaLink) {
          return this.findHasMany(
            parentInternalModel,
            resource.links.related,
            relationshipMeta,
            options
          ).then(internalModels => {
            let payload = { data: internalModels.map(im => recordDataFor(im).getResourceIdentifier()) };
            if (internalModels.meta !== undefined) {
              payload.meta = internalModels.meta;
            }
            parentInternalModel.linkWasLoadedForRelationship(relationshipMeta.key, payload);
            return internalModels;
          });
        }

        let preferLocalCache = hasAnyRelationshipData && !relationshipIsEmpty;

        let hasLocalPartialData =
          hasDematerializedInverse ||
          (relationshipIsEmpty && Array.isArray(resource.data) && resource.data.length > 0);

        // fetch using data, pulling from local cache if possible
        if (!relationshipIsStale && (preferLocalCache || hasLocalPartialData)) {
          let internalModels = resource.data.map(json => this._internalModelForResource(json));

          return this.findMany(internalModels, options);
        }

        let hasData = hasAnyRelationshipData && !relationshipIsEmpty;

        // fetch by data
        if (hasData || hasLocalPartialData) {
          let internalModels = resource.data.map(json => this._internalModelForResource(json));

          return this._scheduleFetchMany(internalModels, options);
        }

        // we were explicitly told we have no data and no links.
        //   TODO if the relationshipIsStale, should we hit the adapter anyway?
        return RSVP.resolve([]);
      },

      _getHasManyByJsonApiResource(resource) {
        let internalModels = [];
        if (resource && resource.data) {
          internalModels = resource.data.map(reference => this._internalModelForResource(reference));
        }
        return internalModels;
      },

      /**
        @method findBelongsTo
        @private
        @param {InternalModel} internalModel
        @param {any} link
        @param {Relationship} relationship
        @return {Promise} promise
      */
      findBelongsTo(internalModel, link, relationship, options) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'findBelongsTo');
        }
        let adapter = this.adapterFor(internalModel.modelName);

        assert(
          `You tried to load a belongsTo relationship but you have no adapter (for ${internalModel.modelName})`,
          adapter
        );
        assert(
          `You tried to load a belongsTo relationship from a specified 'link' in the original payload but your adapter does not implement 'findBelongsTo'`,
          typeof adapter.findBelongsTo === 'function'
        );

        return _findBelongsTo(adapter, this, internalModel, link, relationship, options);
      },

      _fetchBelongsToLinkFromResource(resource, parentInternalModel, relationshipMeta, options) {
        if (!resource || !resource.links || !resource.links.related) {
          // should we warn here, not sure cause its an internal method
          return RSVP.resolve(null);
        }
        return this.findBelongsTo(
          parentInternalModel,
          resource.links.related,
          relationshipMeta,
          options
        ).then(internalModel => {
          let response = internalModel && recordDataFor(internalModel).getResourceIdentifier();
          parentInternalModel.linkWasLoadedForRelationship(relationshipMeta.key, { data: response });
          if (internalModel === null) {
            return null;
          }
          // TODO Igor this doesn't seem like the right boundary, probably the caller method should extract the record out
          return internalModel.getRecord();
        });
      },

      _findBelongsToByJsonApiResource(resource, parentInternalModel, relationshipMeta, options) {
        if (!resource) {
          return RSVP.resolve(null);
        }

        let internalModel = resource.data ? this._internalModelForResource(resource.data) : null;
        let {
          relationshipIsStale,
          allInverseRecordsAreLoaded,
          hasDematerializedInverse,
          hasAnyRelationshipData,
          relationshipIsEmpty,
        } = resource._relationship;

        let shouldFindViaLink =
          resource.links &&
          resource.links.related &&
          (hasDematerializedInverse ||
            relationshipIsStale ||
            (!allInverseRecordsAreLoaded && !relationshipIsEmpty));

        // short circuit if we are already loading
        if (internalModel && internalModel.isLoading()) {
          return internalModel._promiseProxy.then(() => {
            return internalModel.getRecord();
          });
        }

        // fetch via link
        if (shouldFindViaLink) {
          return this._fetchBelongsToLinkFromResource(
            resource,
            parentInternalModel,
            relationshipMeta,
            options
          );
        }

        let preferLocalCache =
          hasAnyRelationshipData && allInverseRecordsAreLoaded && !relationshipIsEmpty;
        let hasLocalPartialData = hasDematerializedInverse || (relationshipIsEmpty && resource.data);
        // null is explicit empty, undefined is "we don't know anything"
        let localDataIsEmpty = resource.data === undefined || resource.data === null;

        // fetch using data, pulling from local cache if possible
        if (!relationshipIsStale && (preferLocalCache || hasLocalPartialData)) {
          /*
            We have canonical data, but our local state is empty
           */
          if (localDataIsEmpty) {
            return RSVP.resolve(null);
          }

          return this._findByInternalModel(internalModel, options);
        }

        let resourceIsLocal = !localDataIsEmpty && resource.data.id === null;

        if (resourceIsLocal) {
          return RSVP.resolve(internalModel.getRecord());
        }

        // fetch by data
        if (!localDataIsEmpty) {
          return this._scheduleFetch(internalModel, options).then(() => {
            return internalModel.getRecord();
          });
        }

        // we were explicitly told we have no data and no links.
        //   TODO if the relationshipIsStale, should we hit the adapter anyway?
        return RSVP.resolve(null);
      },

      /**
        This method delegates a query to the adapter. This is the one place where
        adapter-level semantics are exposed to the application.

        Each time this method is called a new request is made through the adapter.

        Exposing queries this way seems preferable to creating an abstract query
        language for all server-side queries, and then require all adapters to
        implement them.

        ---

        If you do something like this:

        ```javascript
        store.query('person', { page: 1 });
        ```

        The request made to the server will look something like this:

        ```
        GET "/api/v1/person?page=1"
        ```

        ---

        If you do something like this:

        ```javascript
        store.query('person', { ids: [1, 2, 3] });
        ```

        The request made to the server will look something like this:

        ```
        GET "/api/v1/person?ids%5B%5D=1&ids%5B%5D=2&ids%5B%5D=3"
        decoded: "/api/v1/person?ids[]=1&ids[]=2&ids[]=3"
        ```

        This method returns a promise, which is resolved with an
        [`AdapterPopulatedRecordArray`](https://emberjs.com/api/data/classes/DS.AdapterPopulatedRecordArray.html)
        once the server returns.

        @since 1.13.0
        @method query
        @param {String} modelName
        @param {any} query an opaque query to be used by the adapter
        @param {Object} options optional, may include `adapterOptions` hash which will be passed to adapter.query
        @return {Promise} promise
      */
      query(modelName, query, options) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'query');
        }
        assert(`You need to pass a model name to the store's query method`, isPresent(modelName));
        assert(`You need to pass a query hash to the store's query method`, query);
        assert(
          `Passing classes to store methods has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${modelName}`,
          typeof modelName === 'string'
        );

        let adapterOptionsWrapper = {};

        if (options && options.adapterOptions) {
          adapterOptionsWrapper.adapterOptions = options.adapterOptions;
        }

        let normalizedModelName = normalizeModelName(modelName);
        return this._query(normalizedModelName, query, null, adapterOptionsWrapper);
      },

      _query(modelName, query, array, options) {
        let token = heimdall.start('store._query');
        assert(`You need to pass a model name to the store's query method`, isPresent(modelName));
        assert(`You need to pass a query hash to the store's query method`, query);
        assert(
          `Passing classes to store methods has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${modelName}`,
          typeof modelName === 'string'
        );

        let modelToken = heimdall.start('initial-modelFor-lookup');
        heimdall.stop(modelToken);

        let adapterToken = heimdall.start('initial-adapterFor-lookup');
        let adapter = this.adapterFor(modelName);
        heimdall.stop(adapterToken);

        assert(`You tried to load a query but you have no adapter (for ${modelName})`, adapter);
        assert(
          `You tried to load a query but your adapter does not implement 'query'`,
          typeof adapter.query === 'function'
        );

        let pA = promiseArray(_query(adapter, this, modelName, query, array, options));
        instrument(() => {
          pA.finally(() => {
            heimdall.stop(token);
          });
        });
        return pA;
      },

      /**
        This method makes a request for one record, where the `id` is not known
        beforehand (if the `id` is known, use [`findRecord`](#method_findRecord)
        instead).

        This method can be used when it is certain that the server will return a
        single object for the primary data.

        Each time this method is called a new request is made through the adapter.

        Let's assume our API provides an endpoint for the currently logged in user
        via:

        ```
        // GET /api/current_user
        {
          user: {
            id: 1234,
            username: 'admin'
          }
        }
        ```

        Since the specific `id` of the `user` is not known beforehand, we can use
        `queryRecord` to get the user:

        ```javascript
        store.queryRecord('user', {}).then(function(user) {
          let username = user.get('username');
          console.log(`Currently logged in as ${username}`);
        });
        ```

        The request is made through the adapters' `queryRecord`:

        ```app/adapters/user.js
        import $ from 'jquery';
        import DS from 'ember-data';

        export default DS.Adapter.extend({
          queryRecord(modelName, query) {
            return $.getJSON('/api/current_user');
          }
        });
        ```

        Note: the primary use case for `store.queryRecord` is when a single record
        is queried and the `id` is not known beforehand. In all other cases
        `store.query` and using the first item of the array is likely the preferred
        way:

        ```
        // GET /users?username=unique
        {
          data: [{
            id: 1234,
            type: 'user',
            attributes: {
              username: "unique"
            }
          }]
        }
        ```

        ```javascript
        store.query('user', { username: 'unique' }).then(function(users) {
          return users.get('firstObject');
        }).then(function(user) {
          let id = user.get('id');
        });
        ```

        This method returns a promise, which resolves with the found record.

        If the adapter returns no data for the primary data of the payload, then
        `queryRecord` resolves with `null`:

        ```
        // GET /users?username=unique
        {
          data: null
        }
        ```

        ```javascript
        store.queryRecord('user', { username: 'unique' }).then(function(user) {
          console.log(user); // null
        });
        ```

        @since 1.13.0
        @method queryRecord
        @param {String} modelName
        @param {any} query an opaque query to be used by the adapter
        @param {Object} options optional, may include `adapterOptions` hash which will be passed to adapter.queryRecord
        @return {Promise} promise which resolves with the found record or `null`
      */
      queryRecord(modelName, query, options) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'queryRecord');
        }
        assert(`You need to pass a model name to the store's queryRecord method`, isPresent(modelName));
        assert(`You need to pass a query hash to the store's queryRecord method`, query);
        assert(
          `Passing classes to store methods has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${modelName}`,
          typeof modelName === 'string'
        );

        let normalizedModelName = normalizeModelName(modelName);
        let adapter = this.adapterFor(normalizedModelName);
        let adapterOptionsWrapper = {};

        if (options && options.adapterOptions) {
          adapterOptionsWrapper.adapterOptions = options.adapterOptions;
        }

        assert(
          `You tried to make a query but you have no adapter (for ${normalizedModelName})`,
          adapter
        );
        assert(
          `You tried to make a query but your adapter does not implement 'queryRecord'`,
          typeof adapter.queryRecord === 'function'
        );

        return promiseObject(
          _queryRecord(adapter, this, normalizedModelName, query, adapterOptionsWrapper).then(
            internalModel => {
              // the promise returned by store.queryRecord is expected to resolve with
              // an instance of DS.Model
              if (internalModel) {
                return internalModel.getRecord();
              }

              return null;
            }
          )
        );
      },

      /**
        `findAll` asks the adapter's `findAll` method to find the records for the
        given type, and returns a promise which will resolve with all records of
        this type present in the store, even if the adapter only returns a subset
        of them.

        ```app/routes/authors.js
        import Route from '@ember/routing/route';

        export default Route.extend({
          model(params) {
            return this.store.findAll('author');
          }
        });
        ```

        _When_ the returned promise resolves depends on the reload behavior,
        configured via the passed `options` hash and the result of the adapter's
        `shouldReloadAll` method.

        ### Reloading

        If `{ reload: true }` is passed or `adapter.shouldReloadAll` evaluates to
        `true`, then the returned promise resolves once the adapter returns data,
        regardless if there are already records in the store:

        ```js
        store.push({
          data: {
            id: 'first',
            type: 'author'
          }
        });

        // adapter#findAll resolves with
        // [
        //   {
        //     id: 'second',
        //     type: 'author'
        //   }
        // ]
        store.findAll('author', { reload: true }).then(function(authors) {
          authors.getEach('id'); // ['first', 'second']
        });
        ```

        If no reload is indicated via the abovementioned ways, then the promise
        immediately resolves with all the records currently loaded in the store.

        ### Background Reloading

        Optionally, if `adapter.shouldBackgroundReloadAll` evaluates to `true`,
        then a background reload is started. Once this resolves, the array with
        which the promise resolves, is updated automatically so it contains all the
        records in the store:

        ```app/adapters/application.js
        import DS from 'ember-data';
        export default DS.Adapter.extend({
          shouldReloadAll(store, snapshotsArray) {
            return false;
          },

          shouldBackgroundReloadAll(store, snapshotsArray) {
            return true;
          }
        });

        // ...

        store.push({
          data: {
            id: 'first',
            type: 'author'
          }
        });

        let allAuthors;
        store.findAll('author').then(function(authors) {
          authors.getEach('id'); // ['first']

          allAuthors = authors;
        });

        // later, once adapter#findAll resolved with
        // [
        //   {
        //     id: 'second',
        //     type: 'author'
        //   }
        // ]

        allAuthors.getEach('id'); // ['first', 'second']
        ```

        If you would like to force or prevent background reloading, you can set a
        boolean value for `backgroundReload` in the options object for
        `findAll`.

        ```app/routes/post/edit.js
        import Route from '@ember/routing/route';

        export default Route.extend({
          model() {
            return this.store.findAll('post', { backgroundReload: false });
          }
        });
        ```

        If you pass an object on the `adapterOptions` property of the options
        argument it will be passed to you adapter via the `snapshotRecordArray`

        ```app/routes/posts.js
        import Route from '@ember/routing/route';

        export default Route.extend({
          model(params) {
            return this.store.findAll('post', {
              adapterOptions: { subscribe: false }
            });
          }
        });
        ```

        ```app/adapters/post.js
        import MyCustomAdapter from './custom-adapter';

        export default MyCustomAdapter.extend({
          findAll(store, type, sinceToken, snapshotRecordArray) {
            if (snapshotRecordArray.adapterOptions.subscribe) {
              // ...
            }
            // ...
          }
        });
        ```

        See [peekAll](#method_peekAll) to get an array of current records in the
        store, without waiting until a reload is finished.

        ### Retrieving Related Model Records

        If you use an adapter such as Ember's default
        [`JSONAPIAdapter`](https://emberjs.com/api/data/classes/DS.JSONAPIAdapter.html)
        that supports the [JSON API specification](http://jsonapi.org/) and if your server
        endpoint supports the use of an
        ['include' query parameter](http://jsonapi.org/format/#fetching-includes),
        you can use `findAll()` to automatically retrieve additional records related to
        those requested by supplying an `include` parameter in the `options` object.

        For example, given a `post` model that has a `hasMany` relationship with a `comment`
        model, when we retrieve all of the post records we can have the server also return
        all of the posts' comments in the same request:

        ```app/routes/posts.js
        import Route from '@ember/routing/route';

        export default Route.extend({
          model() {
            return this.store.findAll('post', { include: 'comments' });
          }
        });

        ```
        Multiple relationships can be requested using an `include` parameter consisting of a
        comma-separated list (without white-space) while nested relationships can be specified
        using a dot-separated sequence of relationship names. So to request both the posts'
        comments and the authors of those comments the request would look like this:

        ```app/routes/posts.js
        import Route from '@ember/routing/route';

        export default Route.extend({
          model() {
            return this.store.findAll('post', { include: 'comments,comments.author' });
          }
        });

        ```

        See [query](#method_query) to only get a subset of records from the server.

        @since 1.13.0
        @method findAll
        @param {String} modelName
        @param {Object} options
        @return {Promise} promise
      */
      findAll(modelName, options) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'findAll');
        }
        assert(`You need to pass a model name to the store's findAll method`, isPresent(modelName));
        assert(
          `Passing classes to store methods has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${modelName}`,
          typeof modelName === 'string'
        );

        let token = heimdall.start('store.findAll');
        let normalizedModelName = normalizeModelName(modelName);
        let fetch = this._fetchAll(normalizedModelName, this.peekAll(normalizedModelName), options);

        instrument(() => {
          fetch.finally(() => {
            heimdall.stop(token);
          });
        });

        return fetch;
      },

      /**
        @method _fetchAll
        @private
        @param {DS.Model} modelName
        @param {DS.RecordArray} array
        @return {Promise} promise
      */
      _fetchAll(modelName, array, options = {}) {
        let adapter = this.adapterFor(modelName);
        let sinceToken = this._internalModelsFor(modelName).metadata.since;

        assert(`You tried to load all records but you have no adapter (for ${modelName})`, adapter);
        assert(
          `You tried to load all records but your adapter does not implement 'findAll'`,
          typeof adapter.findAll === 'function'
        );

        if (options.reload) {
          set(array, 'isUpdating', true);
          return promiseArray(_findAll(adapter, this, modelName, sinceToken, options));
        }

        let snapshotArray = array._createSnapshot(options);

        if (adapter.shouldReloadAll(this, snapshotArray)) {
          set(array, 'isUpdating', true);
          return promiseArray(_findAll(adapter, this, modelName, sinceToken, options));
        }

        if (options.backgroundReload === false) {
          return promiseArray(Promise.resolve(array));
        }

        if (options.backgroundReload || adapter.shouldBackgroundReloadAll(this, snapshotArray)) {
          set(array, 'isUpdating', true);
          _findAll(adapter, this, modelName, sinceToken, options);
        }

        return promiseArray(Promise.resolve(array));
      },

      /**
        @method _didUpdateAll
        @param {String} modelName
        @private
      */
      _didUpdateAll(modelName) {
        heimdall.increment(_didUpdateAll);
        this.recordArrayManager._didUpdateAll(modelName);
      },

      /**
        This method returns a filtered array that contains all of the
        known records for a given type in the store.

        Note that because it's just a filter, the result will contain any
        locally created records of the type, however, it will not make a
        request to the backend to retrieve additional records. If you
        would like to request all the records from the backend please use
        [store.findAll](#method_findAll).

        Also note that multiple calls to `peekAll` for a given type will always
        return the same `RecordArray`.

        Example

        ```javascript
        let localPosts = store.peekAll('post');
        ```

        @since 1.13.0
        @method peekAll
        @param {String} modelName
        @return {DS.RecordArray}
      */
      peekAll(modelName) {
        heimdall.increment(peekAll);
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'peekAll');
        }
        assert(`You need to pass a model name to the store's peekAll method`, isPresent(modelName));
        assert(
          `Passing classes to store methods has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${modelName}`,
          typeof modelName === 'string'
        );
        let normalizedModelName = normalizeModelName(modelName);
        return this.recordArrayManager.liveRecordArrayFor(normalizedModelName);
      },

      /**
        This method unloads all records in the store.
        It schedules unloading to happen during the next run loop.

        Optionally you can pass a type which unload all records for a given type.

        ```javascript
        store.unloadAll();
        store.unloadAll('post');
        ```

        @method unloadAll
        @param {String} modelName
      */
      unloadAll(modelName) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyedStoreOnly(this, 'unloadAll');
        }
        assert(
          `Passing classes to store methods has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${modelName}`,
          !modelName || typeof modelName === 'string'
        );

        if (arguments.length === 0) {
          this._identityMap.clear();
        } else {
          let normalizedModelName = normalizeModelName(modelName);
          this._internalModelsFor(normalizedModelName).clear();
        }
      },

      filter() {
        assert(
          'The filter API has been moved to a plugin. To enable store.filter using an environment flag, or to use an alternative, you can visit the ember-data-filter addon page. https://github.com/ember-data/ember-data-filter',
          false
        );
      },

      // ..............
      // . PERSISTING .
      // ..............

      /**
        This method is called by `record.save`, and gets passed a
        resolver for the promise that `record.save` returns.

        It schedules saving to happen at the end of the run loop.

        @method scheduleSave
        @private
        @param {InternalModel} internalModel
        @param {Resolver} resolver
        @param {Object} options
      */
      scheduleSave(internalModel, resolver, options) {
        let snapshot = internalModel.createSnapshot(options);
        internalModel.adapterWillCommit();
        this._pendingSave.push({
          snapshot: snapshot,
          resolver: resolver,
        });
        emberRun.scheduleOnce('actions', this, this.flushPendingSave);
      },

      /**
        This method is called at the end of the run loop, and
        flushes any records passed into `scheduleSave`

        @method flushPendingSave
        @private
      */
      flushPendingSave() {
        let pending = this._pendingSave.slice();
        this._pendingSave = [];

        for (let i = 0, j = pending.length; i < j; i++) {
          let pendingItem = pending[i];
          let snapshot = pendingItem.snapshot;
          let resolver = pendingItem.resolver;
          let internalModel = snapshot._internalModel;
          let adapter = this.adapterFor(internalModel.modelName);
          let operation;

          if (internalModel.currentState.stateName === 'root.deleted.saved') {
            resolver.resolve();
            continue;
          } else if (internalModel.isNew()) {
            operation = 'createRecord';
          } else if (internalModel.isDeleted()) {
            operation = 'deleteRecord';
          } else {
            operation = 'updateRecord';
          }

          resolver.resolve(_commit(adapter, this, operation, snapshot));
        }
      },

      /**
        This method is called once the promise returned by an
        adapter's `createRecord`, `updateRecord` or `deleteRecord`
        is resolved.

        If the data provides a server-generated ID, it will
        update the record and the store's indexes.

        @method didSaveRecord
        @private
        @param {InternalModel} internalModel the in-flight internal model
        @param {Object} data optional data (see above)
      */
      didSaveRecord(internalModel, dataArg) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'didSaveRecord');
        }
        let data;
        if (dataArg) {
          data = dataArg.data;
        }
        if (!data) {
          assert(
            `Your ${internalModel.modelName} record was saved to the server, but the response does not have an id and no id has been set client side. Records must have ids. Please update the server response to provide an id in the response or generate the id on the client side either before saving the record or while normalizing the response.`,
            internalModel.id
          );
        }

        //We first make sure the primary data has been updated
        //TODO try to move notification to the user to the end of the runloop
        internalModel.adapterDidCommit(data);
      },

      /**
        This method is called once the promise returned by an
        adapter's `createRecord`, `updateRecord` or `deleteRecord`
        is rejected with a `DS.InvalidError`.

        @method recordWasInvalid
        @private
        @param {InternalModel} internalModel
        @param {Object} errors
      */
      recordWasInvalid(internalModel, errors) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'recordWasInvalid');
        }
        internalModel.adapterDidInvalidate(errors);
      },

      /**
        This method is called once the promise returned by an
        adapter's `createRecord`, `updateRecord` or `deleteRecord`
        is rejected (with anything other than a `DS.InvalidError`).

        @method recordWasError
        @private
        @param {InternalModel} internalModel
        @param {Error} error
      */
      recordWasError(internalModel, error) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'recordWasError');
        }
        internalModel.adapterDidError(error);
      },

      /**
        Sets newly received ID from the adapter's `createRecord`, `updateRecord`
        or `deleteRecord`.

        @method setRecordId
        @private
        @param {String} modelName
        @param {string} newId
        @param {number} clientId
       */
      setRecordId(modelName, newId, clientId) {
        let trueId = coerceId(newId);
        let internalModel = this._getInternalModelForId(modelName, trueId, clientId);
        this._setRecordId(internalModel, newId, clientId);
      },

      _setRecordId(internalModel, id, clientId) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'setRecordId');
        }
        let oldId = internalModel.id;
        let modelName = internalModel.modelName;

        // ID absolutely can't be missing if the oldID is empty (missing Id in response for a new record)
        assert(
          `'${modelName}' was saved to the server, but the response does not have an id and your record does not either.`,
          !(id === null && oldId === null)
        );

        // ID absolutely can't be different than oldID if oldID is not null
        assert(
          `'${modelName}:${oldId}' was saved to the server, but the response returned the new id '${id}'. The store cannot assign a new id to a record that already has an id.`,
          !(oldId !== null && id !== oldId)
        );

        // ID can be null if oldID is not null (altered ID in response for a record)
        // however, this is more than likely a developer error.
        if (oldId !== null && id === null) {
          warn(
            `Your ${modelName} record was saved to the server, but the response does not have an id.`,
            !(oldId !== null && id === null)
          );
          return;
        }

        let existingInternalModel = this._existingInternalModelForId(modelName, id);

        assert(
          `'${modelName}' was saved to the server, but the response returned the new id '${id}', which has already been used with another record.'`,
          isNone(existingInternalModel) || existingInternalModel === internalModel
        );

        this._internalModelsFor(internalModel.modelName).set(id, internalModel);
        this._newlyCreatedModelsFor(internalModel.modelName).remove(internalModel, clientId);

        internalModel.setId(id);
      },

      /**
        Returns a map of IDs to client IDs for a given modelName.

        @method _internalModelsFor
        @private
        @param {String} modelName
        @return {Object} recordMap
      */
      _internalModelsFor(modelName) {
        heimdall.increment(_internalModelsFor);
        return this._identityMap.retrieve(modelName);
      },

      _newlyCreatedModelsFor(modelName) {
        return this._newlyCreated.retrieve(modelName);
      },

      // ................
      // . LOADING DATA .
      // ................

      /**
        This internal method is used by `push`.

        @method _load
        @private
        @param {Object} data
      */
      _load(data) {
        heimdall.increment(_load);
        let modelName = normalizeModelName(data.type);
        let internalModel = this._internalModelForId(modelName, data.id);

        let isUpdate = internalModel.currentState.isEmpty === false;

        internalModel.setupData(data);

        if (isUpdate) {
          this.recordArrayManager.recordDidChange(internalModel);
        } else {
          this.recordArrayManager.recordWasLoaded(internalModel);
        }

        return internalModel;
      },

      /**
        Returns the model class for the particular `modelName`.

        The class of a model might be useful if you want to get a list of all the
        relationship names of the model, see
        [`relationshipNames`](https://emberjs.com/api/data/classes/DS.Model.html#property_relationshipNames)
        for example.

        @method modelFor
        @param {String} modelName
        @return {DS.Model}
      */
      modelFor(modelName) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyedStoreOnly(this, 'modelFor');
        }
        assert(`You need to pass a model name to the store's modelFor method`, isPresent(modelName));
        assert(
          `Passing classes to store methods has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${modelName}`,
          typeof modelName === 'string'
        );

        let maybeFactory = this._modelFactoryFor(modelName);

        // for factorFor factory/class split
        return maybeFactory.class ? maybeFactory.class : maybeFactory;
      },

      _modelFactoryFor(modelName) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyedStoreOnly(this, '_modelFactoryFor');
        }
        assert(
          `You need to pass a model name to the store's _modelFactoryFor method`,
          isPresent(modelName)
        );
        assert(
          `Passing classes to store methods has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${modelName}`,
          typeof modelName === 'string'
        );
        let normalizedModelName = normalizeModelName(modelName);
        let factory = getModelFactory(this, this._modelFactoryCache, normalizedModelName);

        if (factory === null) {
          throw new EmberError(`No model was found for '${normalizedModelName}'`);
        }

        return factory;
      },

      /*
      Returns whether a ModelClass exists for a given modelName
      This exists for legacy support for the RESTSerializer,
      which due to how it must guess whether a key is a model
      must query for whether a match exists.

      We should investigate an RFC to make this public or removing
      this requirement.

      @private
     */
      _hasModelFor(modelName) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, '_hasModelFor');
        }
        assert(`You need to pass a model name to the store's hasModelFor method`, isPresent(modelName));
        assert(
          `Passing classes to store methods has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${modelName}`,
          typeof modelName === 'string'
        );
        let normalizedModelName = normalizeModelName(modelName);
        let factory = getModelFactory(this, this._modelFactoryCache, normalizedModelName);

        return factory !== null;
      },

      /**
        Push some data for a given type into the store.

        This method expects normalized [JSON API](http://jsonapi.org/) document. This means you have to follow [JSON API specification](http://jsonapi.org/format/) with few minor adjustments:
        - record's `type` should always be in singular, dasherized form
        - members (properties) should be camelCased

        [Your primary data should be wrapped inside `data` property](http://jsonapi.org/format/#document-top-level):

        ```js
        store.push({
          data: {
            // primary data for single record of type `Person`
            id: '1',
            type: 'person',
            attributes: {
              firstName: 'Daniel',
              lastName: 'Kmak'
            }
          }
        });
        ```

        [Demo.](http://ember-twiddle.com/fb99f18cd3b4d3e2a4c7)

        `data` property can also hold an array (of records):

        ```js
        store.push({
          data: [
            // an array of records
            {
              id: '1',
              type: 'person',
              attributes: {
                firstName: 'Daniel',
                lastName: 'Kmak'
              }
            },
            {
              id: '2',
              type: 'person',
              attributes: {
                firstName: 'Tom',
                lastName: 'Dale'
              }
            }
          ]
        });
        ```

        [Demo.](http://ember-twiddle.com/69cdbeaa3702159dc355)

        There are some typical properties for `JSONAPI` payload:
        * `id` - mandatory, unique record's key
        * `type` - mandatory string which matches `model`'s dasherized name in singular form
        * `attributes` - object which holds data for record attributes - `DS.attr`'s declared in model
        * `relationships` - object which must contain any of the following properties under each relationships' respective key (example path is `relationships.achievements.data`):
          - [`links`](http://jsonapi.org/format/#document-links)
          - [`data`](http://jsonapi.org/format/#document-resource-object-linkage) - place for primary data
          - [`meta`](http://jsonapi.org/format/#document-meta) - object which contains meta-information about relationship

        For this model:

        ```app/models/person.js
        import DS from 'ember-data';

        export default DS.Model.extend({
          firstName: DS.attr('string'),
          lastName: DS.attr('string'),

          children: DS.hasMany('person')
        });
        ```

        To represent the children as IDs:

        ```js
        {
          data: {
            id: '1',
            type: 'person',
            attributes: {
              firstName: 'Tom',
              lastName: 'Dale'
            },
            relationships: {
              children: {
                data: [
                  {
                    id: '2',
                    type: 'person'
                  },
                  {
                    id: '3',
                    type: 'person'
                  },
                  {
                    id: '4',
                    type: 'person'
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          }
        }
        ```

        [Demo.](http://ember-twiddle.com/343e1735e034091f5bde)

        To represent the children relationship as a URL:

        ```js
        {
          data: {
            id: '1',
            type: 'person',
            attributes: {
              firstName: 'Tom',
              lastName: 'Dale'
            },
            relationships: {
              children: {
                links: {
                  related: '/people/1/children'
                }
              }
            }
          }
        }
        ```

        If you're streaming data or implementing an adapter, make sure
        that you have converted the incoming data into this form. The
        store's [normalize](#method_normalize) method is a convenience
        helper for converting a json payload into the form Ember Data
        expects.

        ```js
        store.push(store.normalize('person', data));
        ```

        This method can be used both to push in brand new
        records, as well as to update existing records.

        @method push
        @param {Object} data
        @return {DS.Model|Array} the record(s) that was created or
          updated.
      */
      push(data) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'push');
        }
        let token = heimdall.start('store.push');
        let pushed = this._push(data);

        if (Array.isArray(pushed)) {
          let records = pushed.map(internalModel => internalModel.getRecord());
          heimdall.stop(token);
          return records;
        }

        if (pushed === null) {
          heimdall.stop(token);
          return null;
        }

        let record = pushed.getRecord();
        heimdall.stop(token);
        return record;
      },

      /*
        Push some data in the form of a json-api document into the store,
        without creating materialized records.

        @method _push
        @private
        @param {Object} jsonApiDoc
        @return {DS.InternalModel|Array<DS.InternalModel>} pushed InternalModel(s)
      */
      _push(jsonApiDoc) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, '_push');
        }
        let token = heimdall.start('store._push');
        let internalModelOrModels = this._backburner.join(() => {
          let included = jsonApiDoc.included;
          let i, length;

          if (included) {
            for (i = 0, length = included.length; i < length; i++) {
              this._pushInternalModel(included[i]);
            }
          }

          if (Array.isArray(jsonApiDoc.data)) {
            length = jsonApiDoc.data.length;
            let internalModels = new Array(length);

            for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
              internalModels[i] = this._pushInternalModel(jsonApiDoc.data[i]);
            }
            return internalModels;
          }

          if (jsonApiDoc.data === null) {
            return null;
          }

          assert(
            `Expected an object in the 'data' property in a call to 'push' for ${
              jsonApiDoc.type
            }, but was ${typeOf(jsonApiDoc.data)}`,
            typeOf(jsonApiDoc.data) === 'object'
          );

          return this._pushInternalModel(jsonApiDoc.data);
        });
        heimdall.stop(token);
        return internalModelOrModels;
      },

      _pushInternalModel(data) {
        heimdall.increment(_pushInternalModel);
        let modelName = data.type;
        assert(
          `You must include an 'id' for ${modelName} in an object passed to 'push'`,
          data.id !== null && data.id !== undefined && data.id !== ''
        );
        assert(
          `You tried to push data with a type '${modelName}' but no model could be found with that name.`,
          this._hasModelFor(modelName)
        );

        if (DEBUG) {
          // If ENV.DS_WARN_ON_UNKNOWN_KEYS is set to true and the payload
          // contains unknown attributes or relationships, log a warning.

          if (ENV.DS_WARN_ON_UNKNOWN_KEYS) {
            let modelClass = this.modelFor(modelName);

            // Check unknown attributes
            let unknownAttributes = Object.keys(data.attributes || {}).filter(key => {
              return !get(modelClass, 'fields').has(key);
            });
            let unknownAttributesMessage = `The payload for '${modelName}' contains these unknown attributes: ${unknownAttributes}. Make sure they've been defined in your model.`;
            warn(unknownAttributesMessage, unknownAttributes.length === 0, {
              id: 'ds.store.unknown-keys-in-payload',
            });

            // Check unknown relationships
            let unknownRelationships = Object.keys(data.relationships || {}).filter(key => {
              return !get(modelClass, 'fields').has(key);
            });
            let unknownRelationshipsMessage = `The payload for '${modelName}' contains these unknown relationships: ${unknownRelationships}. Make sure they've been defined in your model.`;
            warn(unknownRelationshipsMessage, unknownRelationships.length === 0, {
              id: 'ds.store.unknown-keys-in-payload',
            });
          }
        }

        // Actually load the record into the store.
        let internalModel = this._load(data);

        //    this._setupRelationshipsForModel(internalModel, data);

        return internalModel;
      },

      /**
        Push some raw data into the store.

        This method can be used both to push in brand new
        records, as well as to update existing records. You
        can push in more than one type of object at once.
        All objects should be in the format expected by the
        serializer.

        ```app/serializers/application.js
        import DS from 'ember-data';

        export default DS.ActiveModelSerializer;
        ```

        ```js
        let pushData = {
          posts: [
            { id: 1, post_title: "Great post", comment_ids: [2] }
          ],
          comments: [
            { id: 2, comment_body: "Insightful comment" }
          ]
        }

        store.pushPayload(pushData);
        ```

        By default, the data will be deserialized using a default
        serializer (the application serializer if it exists).

        Alternatively, `pushPayload` will accept a model type which
        will determine which serializer will process the payload.

        ```app/serializers/application.js
        import DS from 'ember-data';

        export default DS.ActiveModelSerializer;
        ```

        ```app/serializers/post.js
        import DS from 'ember-data';

        export default DS.JSONSerializer;
        ```

        ```js
        store.pushPayload(pushData); // Will use the application serializer
        store.pushPayload('post', pushData); // Will use the post serializer
        ```

        @method pushPayload
        @param {String} modelName Optionally, a model type used to determine which serializer will be used
        @param {Object} inputPayload
      */
      pushPayload(modelName, inputPayload) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'pushPayload');
        }
        let serializer;
        let payload;
        if (!inputPayload) {
          payload = modelName;
          serializer = this.serializerFor('application');
          assert(
            `You cannot use 'store#pushPayload' without a modelName unless your default serializer defines 'pushPayload'`,
            typeof serializer.pushPayload === 'function'
          );
        } else {
          payload = inputPayload;
          assert(
            `Passing classes to store methods has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${modelName}`,
            typeof modelName === 'string'
          );
          let normalizedModelName = normalizeModelName(modelName);
          serializer = this.serializerFor(normalizedModelName);
        }
        serializer.pushPayload(this, payload);
      },

      reloadManyArray(manyArray, internalModel, key, options) {
        return internalModel.reloadHasMany(key, options);
      },

      reloadBelongsTo(belongsToProxy, internalModel, key, options) {
        return internalModel.reloadBelongsTo(key, options);
      },

      _relationshipMetaFor(modelName, id, key) {
        let modelClass = this.modelFor(modelName);
        let relationshipsByName = get(modelClass, 'relationshipsByName');
        return relationshipsByName.get(key);
      },

      _attributesDefinitionFor(modelName) {
        let attributes = this._attributesDefCache[modelName];

        if (attributes === undefined) {
          let modelClass = this.modelFor(modelName);
          let attributeMap = get(modelClass, 'attributes');

          attributes = Object.create(null);
          attributeMap.forEach((meta, name) => (attributes[name] = meta));
          this._attributesDefCache[modelName] = attributes;
        }

        return attributes;
      },

      _relationshipsDefinitionFor(modelName) {
        let relationships = this._relationshipsDefCache[modelName];

        if (relationships === undefined) {
          let modelClass = this.modelFor(modelName);
          relationships = get(modelClass, 'relationshipsObject') || null;

          this._relationshipsDefCache[modelName] = relationships;
        }

        return relationships;
      },

      _internalModelForResource(resource) {
        let internalModel;
        if (resource.clientId) {
          internalModel = this._newlyCreatedModelsFor(resource.type).get(resource.clientId);
        }
        if (!internalModel) {
          internalModel = this._internalModelForId(resource.type, resource.id);
        }
        return internalModel;
      },

      _createRecordData(modelName, id, clientId, internalModel) {
        return this.createRecordDataFor(modelName, id, clientId, this.recordDataWrapper);
      },

      createRecordDataFor(modelName, id, clientId, storeWrapper) {
        return new RecordData(modelName, id, clientId, storeWrapper, this);
      },

      recordDataFor(modelName, id, clientId) {
        let internalModel = this._internalModelForId(modelName, id, clientId);
        return recordDataFor(internalModel);
      },

      _internalModelForRecordData(recordData) {
        let resource = recordData.getResourceIdentifier();
        return this._internalModelForId(resource.type, resource.id, resource.clientId);
      },
      /**
        `normalize` converts a json payload into the normalized form that
        [push](#method_push) expects.

        Example

        ```js
        socket.on('message', function(message) {
          let modelName = message.model;
          let data = message.data;
          store.push(store.normalize(modelName, data));
        });
        ```

        @method normalize
        @param {String} modelName The name of the model type for this payload
        @param {Object} payload
        @return {Object} The normalized payload
      */
      normalize(modelName, payload) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'normalize');
        }
        heimdall.increment(normalize);
        assert(`You need to pass a model name to the store's normalize method`, isPresent(modelName));
        assert(
          `Passing classes to store methods has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${inspect(
            modelName
          )}`,
          typeof modelName === 'string'
        );
        let normalizedModelName = normalizeModelName(modelName);
        let serializer = this.serializerFor(normalizedModelName);
        let model = this.modelFor(normalizedModelName);
        return serializer.normalize(model, payload);
      },

      newClientId() {
        return globalClientIdCounter++;
      },
      /**
        Build a brand new record for a given type, ID, and
        initial data.

        @method _buildInternalModel
        @private
        @param {String} modelName
        @param {String} id
        @param {Object} data
        @return {InternalModel} internal model
      */
      _buildInternalModel(modelName, id, data, clientId) {
        heimdall.increment(_buildInternalModel);

        assert(
          `You can no longer pass a modelClass as the first argument to store._buildInternalModel. Pass modelName instead.`,
          typeof modelName === 'string'
        );

        let existingInternalModel = this._existingInternalModelForId(modelName, id);

        assert(
          `The id ${id} has already been used with another record for modelClass '${modelName}'.`,
          !existingInternalModel
        );

        if (id === null && !clientId) {
          clientId = this.newClientId();
        }
        // lookupFactory should really return an object that creates
        // instances with the injections applied
        let internalModel = new InternalModel(modelName, id, this, data, clientId);
        if (clientId) {
          this._newlyCreatedModelsFor(modelName).add(internalModel, clientId);
        }

        this._internalModelsFor(modelName).add(internalModel, id);

        return internalModel;
      },

      _existingInternalModelForId(modelName, id) {
        let internalModel = this._internalModelsFor(modelName).get(id);

        if (internalModel && internalModel.hasScheduledDestroy()) {
          // unloadRecord is async, if one attempts to unload + then sync create,
          //   we must ensure the unload is complete before starting the create
          //   The push path will take _internalModelForId()
          //   which will call `cancelDestroy` instead for this unload + then
          //   sync push scenario. Once we have true client-side
          //   delete signaling, we should never call destroySync
          internalModel.destroySync();
          internalModel = null;
        }
        return internalModel;
      },

      //Called by the state machine to notify the store that the record is ready to be interacted with
      recordWasLoaded(record) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'recordWasLoaded');
        }
        this.recordArrayManager.recordWasLoaded(record);
      },

      // ...............
      // . DESTRUCTION .
      // ...............

      /**
        When a record is destroyed, this un-indexes it and
        removes it from any record arrays so it can be GCed.

        @method _removeFromIdMap
        @private
        @param {InternalModel} internalModel
      */
      _removeFromIdMap(internalModel) {
        let recordMap = this._internalModelsFor(internalModel.modelName);
        let id = internalModel.id;

        recordMap.remove(internalModel, id);
        //TODO IGOR DAVID remove from client id map
      },

      // ......................
      // . PER-TYPE ADAPTERS
      // ......................

      /**
        Returns an instance of the adapter for a given type. For
        example, `adapterFor('person')` will return an instance of
        `App.PersonAdapter`.

        If no `App.PersonAdapter` is found, this method will look
        for an `App.ApplicationAdapter` (the default adapter for
        your entire application).

        If no `App.ApplicationAdapter` is found, it will return
        the value of the `defaultAdapter`.

        @method adapterFor
        @public
        @param {String} modelName
        @return DS.Adapter
      */
      adapterFor(modelName) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'adapterFor');
        }
        heimdall.increment(adapterFor);
        assert(`You need to pass a model name to the store's adapterFor method`, isPresent(modelName));
        assert(
          `Passing classes to store.adapterFor has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${modelName}`,
          typeof modelName === 'string'
        );
        let normalizedModelName = normalizeModelName(modelName);

        let { _adapterCache } = this;
        let adapter = _adapterCache[normalizedModelName];
        if (adapter) {
          return adapter;
        }

        let owner = getOwner(this);

        adapter = owner.lookup(`adapter:${normalizedModelName}`);
        if (adapter !== undefined) {
          set(adapter, 'store', this);
          _adapterCache[normalizedModelName] = adapter;
          return adapter;
        }

        // no adapter found for the specific model, fallback and check for application adapter
        adapter = _adapterCache.application || owner.lookup('adapter:application');
        if (adapter !== undefined) {
          set(adapter, 'store', this);
          _adapterCache[normalizedModelName] = adapter;
          _adapterCache.application = adapter;
          return adapter;
        }

        // no model specific adapter or application adapter, check for an `adapter`
        // property defined on the store
        let adapterName = this.get('adapter');
        adapter = adapterName
          ? _adapterCache[adapterName] || owner.lookup(`adapter:${adapterName}`)
          : undefined;
        if (adapter !== undefined) {
          set(adapter, 'store', this);
          _adapterCache[normalizedModelName] = adapter;
          _adapterCache[adapterName] = adapter;
          return adapter;
        }

        // final fallback, no model specific adapter, no application adapter, no
        // `adapter` property on store: use json-api adapter
        adapter = _adapterCache['-json-api'] || owner.lookup('adapter:-json-api');
        assert(
          `No adapter was found for '${modelName}' and no 'application', store.adapter = 'adapter-fallback-name', or '-json-api' adapter were found as fallbacks.`,
          adapter !== undefined
        );
        set(adapter, 'store', this);
        _adapterCache[normalizedModelName] = adapter;
        _adapterCache['-json-api'] = adapter;
        return adapter;
      },

      // ..............................
      // . RECORD CHANGE NOTIFICATION .
      // ..............................

      /**
        Returns an instance of the serializer for a given type. For
        example, `serializerFor('person')` will return an instance of
        `App.PersonSerializer`.

        If no `App.PersonSerializer` is found, this method will look
        for an `App.ApplicationSerializer` (the default serializer for
        your entire application).

        if no `App.ApplicationSerializer` is found, it will attempt
        to get the `defaultSerializer` from the `PersonAdapter`
        (`adapterFor('person')`).

        If a serializer cannot be found on the adapter, it will fall back
        to an instance of `DS.JSONSerializer`.

        @method serializerFor
        @public
        @param {String} modelName the record to serialize
        @return {DS.Serializer}
      */
      serializerFor(modelName) {
        if (DEBUG) {
          assertDestroyingStore(this, 'serializerFor');
        }
        heimdall.increment(serializerFor);
        assert(
          `You need to pass a model name to the store's serializerFor method`,
          isPresent(modelName)
        );
        assert(
          `Passing classes to store.serializerFor has been removed. Please pass a dasherized string instead of ${modelName}`,
          typeof modelName === 'string'
        );
        let normalizedModelName = normalizeModelName(modelName);

        let { _serializerCache } = this;
        let serializer = _serializerCache[normalizedModelName];
        if (serializer) {
          return serializer;
        }

        let owner = getOwner(this);

        serializer = owner.lookup(`serializer:${normalizedModelName}`);
        if (serializer !== undefined) {
          set(serializer, 'store', this);
          _serializerCache[normalizedModelName] = serializer;
          return serializer;
        }

        // no serializer found for the specific model, fallback and check for application serializer
        serializer = _serializerCache.application || owner.lookup('serializer:application');
        if (serializer !== undefined) {
          set(serializer, 'store', this);
          _serializerCache[normalizedModelName] = serializer;
          _serializerCache.application = serializer;
          return serializer;
        }

        // no model specific serializer or application serializer, check for the `defaultSerializer`
        // property defined on the adapter
        let adapter = this.adapterFor(modelName);
        let serializerName = get(adapter, 'defaultSerializer');
        serializer = serializerName
          ? _serializerCache[serializerName] || owner.lookup(`serializer:${serializerName}`)
          : undefined;
        if (serializer !== undefined) {
          set(serializer, 'store', this);
          _serializerCache[normalizedModelName] = serializer;
          _serializerCache[serializerName] = serializer;
          return serializer;
        }

        // final fallback, no model specific serializer, no application serializer, no
        // `serializer` property on store: use json-api serializer
        serializer = _serializerCache['-default'] || owner.lookup('serializer:-default');
        assert(
          `No serializer was found for '${modelName}' and no 'application', Adapter.defaultSerializer, or '-default' serializer were found as fallbacks.`,
          serializer !== undefined
        );
        set(serializer, 'store', this);
        _serializerCache[normalizedModelName] = serializer;
        _serializerCache['-default'] = serializer;

        return serializer;
      },

      willDestroy() {
        this._super(...arguments);
        this._pushedInternalModels = null;
        this.recordArrayManager.destroy();

        this._adapterCache = null;
        this._serializerCache = null;

        this.unloadAll();

        if (DEBUG) {
          unregisterWaiter(this.__asyncWaiter);
          let shouldTrack = this.shouldTrackAsyncRequests;
          let tracked = this._trackedAsyncRequests;
          let isSettled = tracked.length === 0;

          if (!isSettled) {
            if (shouldTrack) {
              throw new Error(
                'Async Request leaks detected. Add a breakpoint here and set `store.generateStackTracesForTrackedRequests = true;`to inspect traces for leak origins:\n\t - ' +
                  tracked.map(o => o.label).join('\n\t - ')
              );
            } else {
              warn(
                'Async Request leaks detected. Add a breakpoint here and set `store.generateStackTracesForTrackedRequests = true;`to inspect traces for leak origins:\n\t - ' +
                  tracked.map(o => o.label).join('\n\t - '),
                false,
                {
                  id: 'ds.async.leak.detected',
                }
              );
            }
          }
        }
      },

      _updateRelationshipState(relationship) {
        if (this._updatedRelationships.push(relationship) !== 1) {
          return;
        }

        this._backburner.join(() => {
          this._backburner.schedule('syncRelationships', this, this._flushUpdatedRelationships);
        });
      },

      _flushUpdatedRelationships() {
        let updated = this._updatedRelationships;

        for (let i = 0, l = updated.length; i < l; i++) {
          updated[i].flushCanonical();
        }

        updated.length = 0;
      },

      _updateInternalModel(internalModel) {
        if (this._updatedInternalModels.push(internalModel) !== 1) {
          return;
        }

        emberRun.schedule('actions', this, this._flushUpdatedInternalModels);
      },

      _flushUpdatedInternalModels() {
        let updated = this._updatedInternalModels;

        for (let i = 0, l = updated.length; i < l; i++) {
          updated[i]._triggerDeferredTriggers();
        }

        updated.length = 0;
      },

      _pushResourceIdentifier(relationship, resourceIdentifier) {
        if (isNone(resourceIdentifier)) {
          return;
        }

        assert(
          `A ${
            relationship.internalModel.modelName
          } record was pushed into the store with the value of ${relationship.key} being ${inspect(
            resourceIdentifier
          )}, but ${
            relationship.key
          } is a belongsTo relationship so the value must not be an array. You should probably check your data payload or serializer.`,
          !Array.isArray(resourceIdentifier)
        );

        //TODO:Better asserts
        return this._internalModelForId(resourceIdentifier.type, resourceIdentifier.id);
      },

      _pushResourceIdentifiers(relationship, resourceIdentifiers) {
        if (isNone(resourceIdentifiers)) {
          return;
        }

        assert(
          `A ${
            relationship.internalModel.modelName
          } record was pushed into the store with the value of ${relationship.key} being '${inspect(
            resourceIdentifiers
          )}', but ${
            relationship.key
          } is a hasMany relationship so the value must be an array. You should probably check your data payload or serializer.`,
          Array.isArray(resourceIdentifiers)
        );

        let _internalModels = new Array(resourceIdentifiers.length);
        for (let i = 0; i < resourceIdentifiers.length; i++) {
          _internalModels[i] = this._pushResourceIdentifier(relationship, resourceIdentifiers[i]);
        }
        return _internalModels;
      },
    });

    function _commit(adapter, store, operation, snapshot) {
      let internalModel = snapshot._internalModel;
      let modelName = snapshot.modelName;
      let modelClass = store.modelFor(modelName);
      assert(`You tried to update a record but you have no adapter (for ${modelName})`, adapter);
      assert(
        `You tried to update a record but your adapter (for ${modelName}) does not implement '${operation}'`,
        typeof adapter[operation] === 'function'
      );

      let promise = Promise.resolve().then(() => adapter[operation](store, modelClass, snapshot));
      let serializer = serializerForAdapter(store, adapter, modelName);
      let label = `DS: Extract and notify about ${operation} completion of ${internalModel}`;

      assert(
        `Your adapter's '${operation}' method must return a value, but it returned 'undefined'`,
        promise !== undefined
      );

      promise = guardDestroyedStore(promise, store, label);
      promise = _guard(promise, _bind(_objectIsAlive, internalModel));

      return promise.then(
        adapterPayload => {
          /*
          Note to future spelunkers hoping to optimize.
          We rely on this `run` to create a run loop if needed
          that `store._push` and `store.didSaveRecord` will both share.

          We use `join` because it is often the case that we
          have an outer run loop available still from the first
          call to `store._push`;
         */
          store._backburner.join(() => {
            let payload, data, sideloaded;
            if (adapterPayload) {
              payload = normalizeResponseHelper(
                serializer,
                store,
                modelClass,
                adapterPayload,
                snapshot.id,
                operation
              );
              if (payload.included) {
                sideloaded = payload.included;
              }
              data = payload.data;
            }
            store.didSaveRecord(internalModel, { data });
            // seems risky, but if the tests pass might be fine?
            if (sideloaded) {
              store._push({ data: null, included: sideloaded });
            }
          });

          return internalModel;
        },
        function(error) {
          if (error instanceof InvalidError) {
            let errors = serializer.extractErrors(store, modelClass, error, snapshot.id);

            store.recordWasInvalid(internalModel, errors);
          } else {
            store.recordWasError(internalModel, error);
          }

          throw error;
        },
        label
      );
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param store
     * @param cache modelFactoryCache
     * @param normalizedModelName already normalized modelName
     * @return {*}
     */
    function getModelFactory(store, cache, normalizedModelName) {
      let factory = cache[normalizedModelName];

      if (!factory) {
        factory = _lookupModelFactory(store, normalizedModelName);

        if (!factory) {
          //Support looking up mixins as base types for polymorphic relationships
          factory = _modelForMixin(store, normalizedModelName);
        }

        if (!factory) {
          // we don't cache misses in case someone wants to register a missing model
          return null;
        }

        let klass = factory.class;
        assert(`'${inspect(klass)}' does not appear to be an ember-data model`, klass.isModel);

        // TODO: deprecate this
        let hasOwnModelNameSet = klass.modelName && klass.hasOwnProperty('modelName');
        if (!hasOwnModelNameSet) {
          Object.defineProperty(klass, 'modelName', { value: normalizedModelName });
        }

        cache[normalizedModelName] = factory;
      }

      return factory;
    }

    function _lookupModelFactory(store, normalizedModelName) {
      let owner = getOwner(store);

      return owner.factoryFor(`model:${normalizedModelName}`);
    }

    /*
      In case someone defined a relationship to a mixin, for example:
      ```
        let Comment = DS.Model.extend({
          owner: belongsTo('commentable'. { polymorphic: true })
        });
        let Commentable = Ember.Mixin.create({
          comments: hasMany('comment')
        });
      ```
      we want to look up a Commentable class which has all the necessary
      relationship metadata. Thus, we look up the mixin and create a mock
      DS.Model, so we can access the relationship CPs of the mixin (`comments`)
      in this case
    */
    function _modelForMixin(store, normalizedModelName) {
      let owner = getOwner(store);
      let MaybeMixin = owner.factoryFor(`mixin:${normalizedModelName}`);
      let mixin = MaybeMixin && MaybeMixin.class;

      if (mixin) {
        let ModelForMixin = Model.extend(mixin);
        ModelForMixin.reopenClass({
          __isMixin: true,
          __mixin: mixin,
        });

        //Cache the class as a model
        owner.register('model:' + normalizedModelName, ModelForMixin);
      }

      return _lookupModelFactory(store, normalizedModelName);
    }

    let assertDestroyingStore;
    let assertDestroyedStoreOnly;

    if (DEBUG) {
      assertDestroyingStore = function assertDestroyedStore(store, method) {
        if (!store.shouldAssertMethodCallsOnDestroyedStore) {
          deprecate(
            `Attempted to call store.${method}(), but the store instance has already been destroyed.`,
            !(store.isDestroying || store.isDestroyed),
            {
              id: 'ember-data:method-calls-on-destroyed-store',
              until: '3.8',
            }
          );
        } else {
          assert(
            `Attempted to call store.${method}(), but the store instance has already been destroyed.`,
            !(store.isDestroying || store.isDestroyed)
          );
        }
      };
      assertDestroyedStoreOnly = function assertDestroyedStoreOnly(store, method) {
        if (!store.shouldAssertMethodCallsOnDestroyedStore) {
          deprecate(
            `Attempted to call store.${method}(), but the store instance has already been destroyed.`,
            !store.isDestroyed,
            {
              id: 'ember-data:method-calls-on-destroyed-store',
              until: '3.8',
            }
          );
        } else {
          assert(
            `Attempted to call store.${method}(), but the store instance has already been destroyed.`,
            !store.isDestroyed
          );
        }
      };
    }

    export default Store;