List of ISO 639-1 codes
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ISO 639 is a standardized nomenclature used to classify languages. Each language is assigned a two-letter (639-1) and three-letter (639-2 and 639-3), lowercase abbreviation, amended in later versions of the nomenclature.
This table lists all of:
- ISO 639-1: two-letter codes, one per language for ISO 639 macrolanguage
And some of:
- ISO 639-2/T: three-letter codes, for the same languages as 639-1
- ISO 639-2/B: three-letter codes, mostly the same as 639-2/T, but with some codes derived from English names rather than native names of languages (in the following table, these differing codes are highlighted in boldface)
- ISO 639-3: three-letter codes, the same as 639-2/T for languages, but with distinct codes for each variety of an ISO 639 macrolanguage
Note: Colors on the leftmost column represent the language family mentioned in second column.
Language family | ISO language name | Native name (endonym) | 639-1 | 639-2/T | 639-2/B | 639-3 | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Northwest Caucasian | Abkhazian | аҧÑуа бызшәа, аҧÑшәа | ab | abk | abk | abk | also known as Abkhaz | |
Afro-Asiatic | Afar | Afaraf | aa | aar | aar | aar | ||
Indo-European | Afrikaans | Afrikaans | af | afr | afr | afr | ||
Niger–Congo | Akan | Akan | ak | aka | aka | aka + 2 | macrolanguage, Twi is [tw/twi], Fanti is [fat] | |
Indo-European | Albanian | Shqip | sq | sqi | alb | sqi + 4 | macrolanguage, "Albanian Phylozone" in 639-6 | |
Afro-Asiatic | Amharic | አማáˆáŠ› | am | amh | amh | amh | ||
Afro-Asiatic | Arabic |
العربية
|
ar | ara | ara | ara + 30 | macrolanguage, Standard Arabic is [arb] | |
Indo-European | Aragonese | aragonés | an | arg | arg | arg | ||
Indo-European | Armenian | Õ€Õ¡ÕµÕ¥Ö€Õ¥Õ¶ | hy | hye | arm | hye | also known as Õ€Õ¡ÕµÕ¥Ö€Õ§Õ¶; ISO 639-3 code "hye" is for Eastern Armenian, "hyw" is for Western Armenian, and "xcl" is for Classical Armenian | |
Indo-European | Assamese | অসমীয়া | as | asm | asm | asm | ||
Northeast Caucasian | Avaric | авар мацӀ, магӀарул мацӀ | av | ava | ava | ava | also known as Avar | |
Indo-European | Avestan | avesta | ae | ave | ave | ave | ancient | |
Aymaran | Aymara | aymar aru | ay | aym | aym | aym + 2 | macrolanguage | |
Turkic | Azerbaijani | azərbaycan dili | az | aze | aze | aze + 2 | macrolanguage | |
Niger–Congo | Bambara | bamanankan | bm | bam | bam | bam | ||
Turkic | Bashkir | башҡорт теле | ba | bak | bak | bak | ||
Language isolate | Basque | euskara, euskera | eu | eus | baq | eus | ||
Indo-European | Belarusian | беларуÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð²Ð° | be | bel | bel | bel | ||
Indo-European | Bengali | বাংলা | bn | ben | ben | ben | also known as Bangla | |
Indo-European | Bihari languages | à¤à¥‹à¤œà¤ªà¥à¤°à¥€ | bh | bih | bih | collective language code for Bhojpuri, Magahi, and Maithili | ||
Creole | Bislama | Bislama | bi | bis | bis | bis | Language formed from English and Ni-Vanuatu, with some French influence. | |
Indo-European | Bosnian | bosanski jezik | bs | bos | bos | bos | ||
Indo-European | Breton | brezhoneg | br | bre | bre | bre | ||
Indo-European | Bulgarian | българÑки език | bg | bul | bul | bul | ||
Sino-Tibetan | Burmese | ဗမာစာ | my | mya | bur | mya | ||
Indo-European | Catalan, Valencian | català , valencià | ca | cat | cat | cat | ||
Austronesian | Chamorro | Chamoru | ch | cha | cha | cha | ||
Northeast Caucasian | Chechen | нохчийн мотт | ce | che | che | che | ||
Niger–Congo | Chichewa, Chewa, Nyanja | chiCheŵa, chinyanja | ny | nya | nya | nya | ||
Sino-Tibetan | Chinese | 䏿–‡ (ZhÅngwén), 汉è¯, 漢語 | zh | zho | chi | zho + 14 | macrolanguage | |
Turkic | Chuvash | чӑваш чӗлхи | cv | chv | chv | chv | ||
Indo-European | Cornish | Kernewek | kw | cor | cor | cor | ||
Indo-European | Corsican | corsu, lingua corsa | co | cos | cos | cos | ||
Algonquian | Cree | á“€á¦áƒá”ááᣠ| cr | cre | cre | cre + 6 | macrolanguage | |
Indo-European | Croatian | hrvatski jezik | hr | hrv | hrv | hrv | ||
Indo-European | Czech | ÄeÅ¡tina, Äeský jazyk | cs | ces | cze | ces | ||
Indo-European | Danish | dansk | da | dan | dan | dan | ||
Indo-European | Divehi, Dhivehi, Maldivian |
Þ‹Þ¨ÞˆÞ¬Þ€Þ¨
|
dv | div | div | div | ||
Indo-European | Dutch, Flemish | Nederlands, Vlaams | nl | nld | dut | nld | ||
Sino-Tibetan | Dzongkha | རྫོང་འ| dz | dzo | dzo | dzo | ||
Indo-European | English | English | en | eng | eng | eng | ||
Constructed | Esperanto | Esperanto | eo | epo | epo | epo | constructed, initiated from L.L. Zamenhof, 1887 | |
Uralic | Estonian | eesti, eesti keel | et | est | est | est + 2 | macrolanguage | |
Niger–Congo | Ewe | Eʋegbe | ee | ewe | ewe | ewe | ||
Indo-European | Faroese | føroyskt | fo | fao | fao | fao | ||
Austronesian | Fijian | vosa Vakaviti | fj | fij | fij | fij | ||
Uralic | Finnish | suomi, suomen kieli | fi | fin | fin | fin | ||
Indo-European | French | français, langue française | fr | fra | fre | fra | ||
Niger–Congo | Fulah | Fulfulde, Pulaar, Pular | ff | ful | ful | ful + 9 | macrolanguage, also known as Fula | |
Indo-European | Galician | Galego | gl | glg | glg | glg | ||
Kartvelian | Georgian | ქáƒáƒ თული | ka | kat | geo | kat | ||
Indo-European | German | Deutsch | de | deu | ger | deu | ||
Indo-European | Greek, Modern (1453-) | ελληνικά | el | ell | gre | ell | ||
Tupian | Guarani | Avañe'ẽ | gn | grn | grn | grn + 5 | macrolanguage | |
Indo-European | Gujarati | ગà«àªœàª°àª¾àª¤à«€ | gu | guj | guj | guj | ||
Creole | Haitian, Haitian Creole | Kreyòl ayisyen | ht | hat | hat | hat | ||
Afro-Asiatic | Hausa |
(Hausa)
Ù‡ÙŽÙˆÙØ³ÙŽ
|
ha | hau | hau | hau | ||
Afro-Asiatic | Hebrew |
עברית
|
he | heb | heb | heb | Modern Hebrew. Code changed in 1989 from original ISO 639:1988, iw.[1] | |
Niger–Congo | Herero | Otjiherero | hz | her | her | her | ||
Indo-European | Hindi | हिनà¥à¤¦à¥€, हिंदी | hi | hin | hin | hin | ||
Austronesian | Hiri Motu | Hiri Motu | ho | hmo | hmo | hmo | ||
Uralic | Hungarian | magyar | hu | hun | hun | hun | ||
Constructed | Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) | Interlingua | ia | ina | ina | ina | constructed by International Auxiliary Language Association | |
Austronesian | Indonesian | Bahasa Indonesia | id | ind | ind | ind | Covered by macrolanguage [ms/msa]. Changed in 1989 from original ISO 639:1988, in[1]. | |
Constructed | Interlingue, Occidental | (originally:) Occidental, (after WWII:) Interlingue | ie | ile | ile | ile | constructed by Edgar de Wahl, first published in 1922 | |
Indo-European | Irish | Gaeilge | ga | gle | gle | gle | ||
Niger–Congo | Igbo | Asụsụ Igbo | ig | ibo | ibo | ibo | ||
Eskimo–Aleut | Inupiaq | Iñupiaq, Iñupiatun | ik | ipk | ipk | ipk + 2 | macrolanguage | |
Constructed | Ido | Ido | io | ido | ido | ido | constructed by De Beaufront, 1907, as variation of Esperanto | |
Indo-European | Icelandic | Ãslenska | is | isl | ice | isl | ||
Indo-European | Italian | Italiano | it | ita | ita | ita | ||
Eskimo–Aleut | Inuktitut | áƒá“„ᒃᑎá‘ᑦ | iu | iku | iku | iku + 2 | macrolanguage | |
Japonic | Japanese | 日本語 (ã«ã»ã‚“ã”) | ja | jpn | jpn | jpn | ||
Austronesian | Javanese | ꦧꦱꦗꦮ, Basa Jawa | jv | jav | jav | jav | ||
Eskimo–Aleut | Kalaallisut, Greenlandic | kalaallisut, kalaallit oqaasii | kl | kal | kal | kal | ||
Dravidian | Kannada | ಕನà³à²¨à²¡ | kn | kan | kan | kan | ||
Nilo-Saharan | Kanuri | Kanuri | kr | kau | kau | kau + 3 | macrolanguage | |
Indo-European | Kashmiri | कशà¥à¤®à¥€à¤°à¥€, كشميري | ks | kas | kas | kas | ||
Turkic | Kazakh | қазақ тілі | kk | kaz | kaz | kaz | ||
Austroasiatic | Central Khmer | ážáŸ’មែរ, ážáŸáž˜ážšáž—ាសា, ភាសាážáŸ’មែរ | km | khm | khm | khm | also known as Khmer or Cambodian | |
Niger–Congo | Kikuyu, Gikuyu | Gĩkũyũ | ki | kik | kik | kik | ||
Niger–Congo | Kinyarwanda | Ikinyarwanda | rw | kin | kin | kin | ||
Turkic | Kirghiz, Kyrgyz | Кыргызча, Кыргыз тили | ky | kir | kir | kir | ||
Uralic | Komi | коми кыв | kv | kom | kom | kom + 2 | macrolanguage | |
Niger–Congo | Kongo | Kikongo | kg | kon | kon | kon + 3 | macrolanguage | |
Koreanic | Korean | 한êµì–´ | ko | kor | kor | kor | ||
Indo-European | Kurdish | Kurdî, کوردی | ku | kur | kur | kur + 3 | macrolanguage | |
Niger–Congo | Kuanyama, Kwanyama | Kuanyama | kj | kua | kua | kua | ||
Indo-European | Latin | latine, lingua latina | la | lat | lat | lat | ancient | |
Indo-European | Luxembourgish, Letzeburgesch | Lëtzebuergesch | lb | ltz | ltz | ltz | ||
Niger–Congo | Ganda | Luganda | lg | lug | lug | lug | ||
Indo-European | Limburgan, Limburger, Limburgish | Limburgs | li | lim | lim | lim | ||
Niger–Congo | Lingala | Lingála | ln | lin | lin | lin | ||
Tai–Kadai | Lao | ພາສາລາວ | lo | lao | lao | lao | ||
Indo-European | Lithuanian | lietuvių kalba | lt | lit | lit | lit | ||
Niger–Congo | Luba-Katanga | Kiluba | lu | lub | lub | lub | also known as Luba-Shaba | |
Indo-European | Latvian | latviešu valoda | lv | lav | lav | lav + 2 | macrolanguage | |
Indo-European | Manx | Gaelg, Gailck | gv | glv | glv | glv | ||
Indo-European | Macedonian | македонÑки јазик | mk | mkd | mac | mkd | ||
Austronesian | Malagasy | fiteny malagasy | mg | mlg | mlg | mlg + 11 | macrolanguage | |
Austronesian | Malay | Bahasa Melayu, بهاس ملايو | ms | msa | may | msa + 36 | macrolanguage, Standard Malay is [zsm], Indonesian is [id/ind] | |
Dravidian | Malayalam | മലയാളം | ml | mal | mal | mal | ||
Afro-Asiatic | Maltese | Malti | mt | mlt | mlt | mlt | ||
Austronesian | Maori | te reo MÄori | mi | mri | mao | mri | also known as MÄori | |
Indo-European | Marathi | मराठी | mr | mar | mar | mar | also known as MarÄá¹hÄ« | |
Austronesian | Marshallese | Kajin M̧ajeļ | mh | mah | mah | mah | ||
Mongolic | Mongolian | Монгол Ñ…Ñл | mn | mon | mon | mon + 2 | macrolanguage | |
Austronesian | Nauru | Dorerin Naoero | na | nau | nau | nau | also known as Nauruan | |
Dené–Yeniseian | Navajo, Navaho | Diné bizaad | nv | nav | nav | nav | ||
Niger–Congo | North Ndebele | isiNdebele | nd | nde | nde | nde | also known as Northern Ndebele | |
Indo-European | Nepali | नेपाली | ne | nep | nep | nep + 2 | macrolanguage | |
Niger–Congo | Ndonga | Owambo | ng | ndo | ndo | ndo | ||
Indo-European | Norwegian Bokmål | Norsk Bokmål | nb | nob | nob | nob | Covered by macrolanguage [no/nor] | |
Indo-European | Norwegian Nynorsk | Norsk Nynorsk | nn | nno | nno | nno | Covered by macrolanguage [no/nor] | |
Indo-European | Norwegian | Norsk | no | nor | nor | nor + 2 | macrolanguage, Bokmål is [nb/nob], Nynorsk is [nn/nno] | |
Sino-Tibetan | Sichuan Yi, Nuosu | ê†ˆêŒ ê’¿ Nuosuhxop | ii | iii | iii | iii | Standard form of Yi languages | |
Niger–Congo | South Ndebele | isiNdebele | nr | nbl | nbl | nbl | also known as Southern Ndebele | |
Indo-European | Occitan | occitan, lenga d'òc | oc | oci | oci | oci | ||
Algonquian | Ojibwa | áŠá“‚ᔑᓈá¯á’§áŽá“ | oj | oji | oji | oji + 7 | macrolanguage, also known as Ojibwe | |
Indo-European | Church Slavic, Old Slavonic, Church Slavonic, Old Bulgarian, Old Church Slavonic | ѩзыкъ ÑловѣньÑкъ | cu | chu | chu | chu | ancient, in use by Orthodox Church | |
Afro-Asiatic | Oromo | Afaan Oromoo | om | orm | orm | orm + 4 | macrolanguage | |
Indo-European | Oriya | ଓଡ଼ିଆ | or | ori | ori | ori + 2 | macrolanguage, also known as Odia | |
Indo-European | Ossetian, Ossetic | ирон æвзаг | os | oss | oss | oss | ||
Indo-European | Punjabi, Panjabi | ਪੰਜਾਬੀ, پنجابی | pa | pan | pan | pan | ||
Indo-European | Pali | पालि, पाळि | pi | pli | pli | pli | ancient, also known as PÄli | |
Indo-European | Persian |
ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ
|
fa | fas | per | fas + 2 | macrolanguage, also known as Farsi | |
Indo-European | Polish | język polski, polszczyzna | pl | pol | pol | pol | ||
Indo-European | Pashto, Pushto |
پښتو
|
ps | pus | pus | pus + 3 | macrolanguage | |
Indo-European | Portuguese | Português | pt | por | por | por | ||
Quechuan | Quechua | Runa Simi, Kichwa | qu | que | que | que + 43 | macrolanguage | |
Indo-European | Romansh | Rumantsch Grischun | rm | roh | roh | roh | ||
Niger–Congo | Rundi | Ikirundi | rn | run | run | run | also known as Kirundi | |
Indo-European | Romanian, Moldavian, Moldovan | Română | ro | ron | rum | ron | The identifiers mo and mol are deprecated, leaving ro and ron (639-2/T) and rum (639-2/B) the current language identifiers to be used for the variant of the Romanian language also known as Moldavian and Moldovan in English and moldave in French. The identifiers mo and mol will not be assigned to different items, and recordings using these identifiers will not be invalid. | |
Indo-European | Russian | руÑÑкий | ru | rus | rus | rus | ||
Indo-European | Sanskrit | संसà¥à¤•ृतमॠ| sa | san | san | san | ancient, still spoken, also known as Saṃská¹›ta | |
Indo-European | Sardinian | sardu | sc | srd | srd | srd + 4 | macrolanguage | |
Indo-European | Sindhi | सिनà¥à¤§à¥€, سنڌي، سندھی | sd | snd | snd | snd | ||
Uralic | Northern Sami | Davvisámegiella | se | sme | sme | sme | ||
Austronesian | Samoan | gagana fa'a Samoa | sm | smo | smo | smo | ||
Creole | Sango | yângâ tî sängö | sg | sag | sag | sag | ||
Indo-European | Serbian | ÑрпÑки језик | sr | srp | srp | srp | The ISO 639-2/T code srp deprecated the ISO 639-2/B code scc[2] | |
Indo-European | Gaelic, Scottish Gaelic | GÃ idhlig | gd | gla | gla | gla | ||
Niger–Congo | Shona | chiShona | sn | sna | sna | sna | ||
Indo-European | Sinhala, Sinhalese | සිංහල | si | sin | sin | sin | ||
Indo-European | Slovak | SlovenÄina, Slovenský Jazyk | sk | slk | slo | slk | ||
Indo-European | Slovenian | Slovenski Jezik, SlovenÅ¡Äina | sl | slv | slv | slv | also known as Slovene | |
Afro-Asiatic | Somali | Soomaaliga, af Soomaali | so | som | som | som | ||
Niger–Congo | Southern Sotho | Sesotho | st | sot | sot | sot | ||
Indo-European | Spanish, Castilian | Español | es | spa | spa | spa | ||
Austronesian | Sundanese | Basa Sunda | su | sun | sun | sun | ||
Niger–Congo | Swahili | Kiswahili | sw | swa | swa | swa + 2 | macrolanguage | |
Niger–Congo | Swati | SiSwati | ss | ssw | ssw | ssw | also known as Swazi | |
Indo-European | Swedish | Svenska | sv | swe | swe | swe | ||
Dravidian | Tamil | தமிழ௠| ta | tam | tam | tam | ||
Dravidian | Telugu | తెలà±à°—à± | te | tel | tel | tel | ||
Indo-European | Tajik | тоҷикӣ, toçikī, تاجیکی | tg | tgk | tgk | tgk | ||
Tai–Kadai | Thai | ไทย | th | tha | tha | tha | ||
Afro-Asiatic | Tigrinya | ትáŒáˆáŠ› | ti | tir | tir | tir | ||
Sino-Tibetan | Tibetan | བོད་ཡིག | bo | bod | tib | bod | also known as Standard Tibetan | |
Turkic | Turkmen | Türkmen, Түркмен | tk | tuk | tuk | tuk | ||
Austronesian | Tagalog | Wikang Tagalog | tl | tgl | tgl | tgl | Note: Filipino (Pilipino) has the code [fil] | |
Niger–Congo | Tswana | Setswana | tn | tsn | tsn | tsn | ||
Austronesian | Tonga (Tonga Islands) | Faka Tonga | to | ton | ton | ton | also known as Tongan | |
Turkic | Turkish | Türkçe | tr | tur | tur | tur | ||
Niger–Congo | Tsonga | Xitsonga | ts | tso | tso | tso | ||
Turkic | Tatar | татар теле, tatar tele | tt | tat | tat | tat | ||
Niger–Congo | Twi | Twi | tw | twi | twi | twi | Covered by macrolanguage [ak/aka] | |
Austronesian | Tahitian | Reo Tahiti | ty | tah | tah | tah | One of the Reo MÄ`ohi (languages of French Polynesia) | |
Turkic | Uighur, Uyghur | ئۇيغۇرچە, Uyghurche | ug | uig | uig | uig | ||
Indo-European | Ukrainian | УкраїнÑька | uk | ukr | ukr | ukr | ||
Indo-European | Urdu |
اردو
|
ur | urd | urd | urd | ||
Turkic | Uzbek | OÊ»zbek, Ўзбек, أۇزبÛÙƒ | uz | uzb | uzb | uzb + 2 | macrolanguage | |
Niger–Congo | Venda | Tshivenḓa | ve | ven | ven | ven | ||
Austroasiatic | Vietnamese | Tiếng Việt | vi | vie | vie | vie | ||
Constructed | Volapük | Volapük | vo | vol | vol | vol | constructed | |
Indo-European | Walloon | Walon | wa | wln | wln | wln | ||
Indo-European | Welsh | Cymraeg | cy | cym | wel | cym | ||
Niger–Congo | Wolof | Wollof | wo | wol | wol | wol | ||
Indo-European | Western Frisian | Frysk | fy | fry | fry | fry | also known as Frisian | |
Niger–Congo | Xhosa | isiXhosa | xh | xho | xho | xho | ||
Indo-European | Yiddish |
ייִדיש
|
yi | yid | yid | yid + 2 | macrolanguage. Changed in 1989 from original ISO 639:1988, ji.[1] | |
Niger–Congo | Yoruba | Yorùbá | yo | yor | yor | yor | ||
Tai–Kadai | Zhuang, Chuang | Saɯ cueŋƅ, Saw cuengh | za | zha | zha | zha + 16 | macrolanguage | |
Niger–Congo | Zulu | isiZulu | zu | zul | zul | zul |
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c Cover, Robin. "Code for the Representation of the Names of Languages. From ISO 639, revised 1989". xml.coverpages.org. Retrieved 2018-03-21.
- ^ "Code Changes". ISO 639-2. Library of Congress. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
External links[edit]
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Wikiversity has learning resources about ISO 639-1 language matrix |